Resistance mapping

HIV-1 genetic resistance to protease inhibitors occurs via specific mutations. Genotypic analysis of the HIV protease gene from isolates selected in vitro indicated that Gly48Val and Leu90Met mutants had reduced susceptibility to saquinavir (Ohta, 1997). Indinavir and ritonavir resistance maps to residue 82, whereas for amprenavir the key mutation is at residue 50 (I50V) and confers a threefold decline in viral sensitivity to amprenavir. Two additional mutations at residues 46 and 47 follow development of mutation at position 50, resulting in a 20-fold de-... 

A commercial instrument that automatically measures sheet resistance is shown in Figure 10, a typical sheet resistance map of a wafer is shown in Figure 11. 

Figure 11 Sheet resistance map of silicon wafer with 3000 A film of tantalum silicide.

Slovak, M., Ho, J., Cole, S., Deeley, R Greenberger, F de Vries, E Broxterman, H., Scheffer, G., and Scheper, R. (1995) The FRP gene encoding a major vault protein associated with drug resistance maps proximal to MRP on chromosome 16 evidence that chromosome breakage plays a key role in MRP or FRP gene amplification. Cancer Res. 55,4214-4219. 

Abstract In sensor and microfluidic applications, the need is to have an adequate solvent resistance of polymers to prevent degradation of the substrate surface upon deposition of sensor formilations, to prevent contamination of the solvent-containing sensor formulations or contamination of organic liquid reactions in microfluidic channels. Unfortunately, no comprehensive quantitative reference solubility data of unstressed copolymers is available to date. In this study, we evaluate solvent-resistance of several polycarbonate copolymers prepared from the reaction of hydroqui-none (HQ), resorcinol (RS), and bisphenol A (BPA). Our high-throughput polymer evaluation approach permitted the construction of detailed solvent-resistance maps, the development of quantitative structure-property relationships for BPA-HQ-RS copolymers and provided new knowledge for the further development of the polymeric sensor and microfluidic components. 

Impedance topography processing techniques for resistivity mapping data ... 

Figure 7-23 How the Transfer Resistance Maps the Current in the Switch, into a Voltage Sawtooth at the Comparator Input...

Mutants resistant to high levels of SM have been selected In typhlmurlum (12), cerevlslae (31) and tobacco (11). The bacterial and yeast mutations conferring SM resistance map to the llvGM (12) and ILV2 regions (31), respectively. These genes encode typhlmurlum ALS II (14) and yeast ALS (31, 34). The ALS activities of these mutants and those Isolated In tobacco are altered the mutant enzymes are not Inhibited by SM In vitro (12,... 

Other types of resistance measurements, especially also involving the rebar network, have been apphed. Commercially available instruments combine half-cell potential mapping with resistance measurements between the electrode and the rebars. This results in resistance maps, however, conversion to true resistivity is much more difficult because the cell constant is also influenced by the cover depth to the steel bars and the size of the external electrode. 

The C deletions divide the C gene into six sections. Three C s isolated as revertants from a dK strain, one of which is fucose-resistant, mapped in the second segment which is bordered by C3 and C5. By the former procedure, 14 O s (fucose-resistant type) mapped closest to C5. Four C " s, one of which is fucose-sensitive, mapped in segment 6 at the end of the C gene. 

After calculation of this parameter for all survey lines vertical resistivity sections and resistivity maps were plotted with contours of clean and contaminated soil. Thus, contamination was mapped vertically and laterally. 

FIGURE 10.220 Typical soil resistivity map for the U.S. (After [11].) Copyright 2005 by Taylor Francis Group... 

Fig. 19.7 Strrface resistance mapping (m test method the characterize homogeneity) o wo ig temperature PEM bipolar plates, (a) The materia s ows a higher resistance at the edges with 80 % of ta pomts... 

Lueck E, Ruehlmaim J (2013) Resistivity mapping with GEOPHILLUS ELECTRICUS— Information about lateral and vertical soil heterogeneity. Geoderma 199 2-11... 

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