Required Navigation Performance

Another limitation concerns the duplication of process information on different VDU pages. Specifically, most of the data on the graphic displays were presented again in a different format on the text displays. This increased the number of VDU pages used in total to perform a task. This secondary navigation task undoubtedly increased the workload of the worker who had to control the process. Within the text displays themselves, information was not structured in a functional manner. TTiat is, information required by workers was... 

The first LORAN systems were in use before computers were sophisticated enough to perform the complex calculations needed to process the timing comparisons. Early LORAN installations required highly-skilled operators to interpret the radio pulses. A half century later technical innovations eliminated the need for much of the skill once required to use LORAN for navigation. 

The problem, as Aristotle recognized, is that certain practical choices cannot, even in principle, be adequately and completely captured in a system of universal mles. He singled out navigation and medicine as two activities in which the practical wisdom of long experience is indispensable to superior performance. They were metis-laden activities in which responsiveness, improvisation, and skillful, successive approximations were required. If Plato can be credited, Socrates deliberately refrained from writing down his teachings, because he believed that the... 

SRS attempts to meet all the challenges listed in the introduction to this chapter. Molecular biology resources - databases and applications - can be quickly and easily incorporated into the system. Using the meta definitions of the format and syntax of the resources, SRS creates indices of the data (both databases and the output of applications) which can then be quickly and easily queried. Once a query is performed against one or more databases, either the whole database entry or just the information which the user requires can be extracted from the databases and displayed. Links (both explicit and implicit) between those data and other databases can be made and hence navigation between resources is possible. 

GNSS solntions have convinced a lot of users about feasibility and efficiency of non-safety solutions based on satellite navigation for land transportation. They are expected to be implemented into railway safety-related system but before a dependabihty analysis has to be performed as required by railway standards. However no dependability method is able to quantify the signal propagation errors that stem from environment effects and that affect the user position estimation. For... 

In general, all three formats are required for the operator to make an informed decision. The operator must sort the outputs from all of the displays before classifying them into targets. For example, in passive narrow-band sonar, classification is usually performed on the outputs from spectral/tonal contents of the targets. The operator uses the different tonal content and its harmonic relations of each target for classification. In addition to the acoustic data information and displays, nonacoustic data such as environmental, contact and navigation information, and radar/sateUite photographs are also available to the operator. 

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