Reproductive preconceptional

To examine the hypothesis that preconception carcinogenesis involves an increase in the rate of occurrence of neoplasms with spontaneous incidence, Yu etal. (1999) exposed male NIH Swiss mice 2 weeks before mating to 1 mmol chromium-(III) chloride per kg body weight. Phaeochromocy-tomas occurred in both male and female offspring with none in the controls. There was also an increase in incidence of male reproductive gland tumours and of renal non-neoplastic lesions. 

Just how much farther afield is the question. But any reconstruction of pastoral production and its relationship to settlement is fraught with problems because it is predicated on preconceptions of what is likely. For example, a recent modeling of the Beydar settlement and resource system that seeks to move away from static and mechanical reproductions of ancient subsistence (Wilkinson et al. 2007) incorporates a number of critical variables including the idea of human agency, but in terms of animal husbandry considers only small-scale domestic herding as practiced at Beydar, allowing twenty-five... 

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