Remove Peak

If unwanted peaks which have been identified as artifacts are present in your 2D 

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The symmetric pair of voltammetric peaks in the Ru(OOOl) base CV in the range 0.1-0.3 V (peaks B and B ), which is best seen for a lower potential limit of min = 0.1V, is tentatively assigned to (14.5), which can run reversibly in both directions. This assignment is based on the assumption that the surface is covered by 0.5 ML Oad at 0.3 V. Only for more negative potential limits, when OHad is further reduced to H2O and replaced by Hupd according to (14.1) and (14.2), does the re-oxidation of the adlayer require H2O dissociation according to (14.3) and (14.4). This provides a simple explanation why the pronounced hysteresis between OHad removal (peak A ) and reformation of OHad/Oad (peak A) is only observed when the potential is scanned to < 0.1 V. 

When a spectrum has severely broadened resonances in the presence of less broadened resonances, it is possible to use a Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill spin-echo sequence to remove the broadened resonances, facilitating the interpretation of the remaining signals. By setting certain parameters of the sequence, it is possible to progressively remove peaks with less and less broadening. ... 

Fig. 14.11. Background subtraction to remove peaks from column bleed in GC-MS of an unknown mixture, (a) Partial TIC, (b) single scan mass spectrum from peak top at 32.6 min, (c) summation of scans from pure column bleed between GC peaks, and (d) final spectrum after averaging of scans and background subtraction.

There are many other mathematical methods that can be applied to spectra, such as algorithms that remove peaks (useful for the removal of CO2 bands), algorithms that add bands to a spectram, and other deconvolution algorithms. For example. 

The peaks along the leading diagonal 01 =102 eorrespond to the usual absorption speetnim, whereas the eross-peaks (peaks removed from the diagonal) provide evidenee for eross-eorrelations. 

The He I (21.22 eV) specttum of argon is shown in Figure 8.6. The two peaks both result from the removal of an electron from the 3p orbital in the process ... 

In Figure 8.19 is shown the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of Cu, Pd and a 60 per cent Cu and 40 per cent Pd alloy (having a face-centred cubic lattice). In the Cu spectrum one of the peaks due to the removal of a 2p core electron, the one resulting from the creation of a /2 core state, is shown (the one resulting from the 1/2 state is outside the range of the figure). 

A, 5A, and 13X zeoHtes are the predorninant adsorbents for CO2 removal by temperature-swing processes. The air fed to an air separation plant must be H2O- and C02-ftee to prevent fouling of heat exchangers at cryogenic temperatures 13X is typically used here. Another appHcation for 4A-type zeoHte is for CO2 removal from baseload and peak-shaving natural gas Hquefaction faciHties. 

The light source for excitation of Nd YAG lasers may be a pulsed flashlamp for pulsed operation, a continuous-arc lamp for continuous operation, or a semiconductor laser diode, for either pulsed or continuous operation. The use of semiconductor laser diodes as the pump source for sohd-state lasers became common in the early 1990s. A variety of commercial diode-pumped lasers are available. One possible configuration is shown in Figure 8. The output of the diode is adjusted by composition and temperature to be near 810 nm, ie, near the peak of the neodymium absorption. The diode lasers are themselves relatively efficient and the output is absorbed better by the Nd YAG than the light from flashlamps or arc lamps. Thus diode-pumped sohd-state lasers have much higher efficiency than conventionally pumped devices. Correspondingly, there is less heat to remove. Thus diode-pumped sohd-state lasers represent a laser class that is much more compact and efficient than eadier devices. 

Smoothing of Rough Surfaces. The simplest and a very common appHcation of ECM is deburring. An example is given in Eigure 2a, where a plane cathode tool is placed opposite a workpiece. The current densities at the peaks of the surface irregularities ate higher than those elsewhere. The former are therefore removed preferentially, and the workpiece becomes smoothed (8). 

The stress—relaxation process is governed by a number of different molecular motions. To resolve them, the thermally stimulated creep (TSCr) method was developed, which consists of the following steps. (/) The specimen is subjected to a given stress at a temperature T for a time /, both chosen to allow complete orientation of the mobile units that one wishes to consider. (2) The temperature is then lowered to Tq T, where any molecular motion is completely hindered then the stress is removed. (3) The specimen is subsequendy heated at a controlled rate. The mobile units reorient according to the available relaxation modes. The strain, its time derivative, and the temperature are recorded versus time. By mnning a series of experiments at different orientation temperatures and plotting the time derivative of the strain rate observed on heating versus the temperature, various relaxational processes are revealed as peaks (243). 

As of the mid-1990s, many older conventional steam plants have been converted to combined cycle. The old boiler is removed and replaced by a combustion turbine and heat recovery steam generator. Although the cycle efficiency is not as high as completely new plants, substantial capital cost is avoided by the modification and reuse of existing steam turbine and auxiHary equipment. In many combined cycle power plants, steam is injected into the combustors of the combustion turbine to lower peak flame temperatures and consequendy lower NO. ... 

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