Remotely controlled aircraft

Einsteinium (Z = 99) and fermium (Z = 100) were identified in 1952 and 1953, respectively, by Ghiorso and others in the radioactive debris of the first thermonuclear explosion. Hints of the formation of these elements were found in dust samples from the remotely controlled aircrafts used in this test. Then, the elements were isolated by processing larger amounts of the radioactive coral material from the test site and named in honour of Einstein and Feimi. The elements had been formed by multineutron capture,... 

There are several suppliers of electron accelerators suitable for remote repair of composites, including Varian, Siemans, and Schonberg. At present, the only manufacturer of suitable portable electron accelerators is Schonberg Radiation Corporation of Santa Clara, California. Field repair of damaged aircraft components can be accomplished with a remotely controlled, truck-mounted accelerator. Table 13 gives the characteristics for several electron accelerators, all portable, supplied by Schonberg. Fig. 5 shows a schematic layout of a 10-MeV accelerator... 

Drone. A term which. has been used to designate pilotless aircraft, target missiles and the like (Ref 2). Also. a remotely controlled, pilotless aircraft used as a target or to perform tasks which are hazardous to a human pilot, such. as probing a nuclear cloud, surveying enemy territory, and target practice (Ref 1)... 

In the midst of these aircraft investigations and numerous routine problems of the section, Dunmore was wrestling in his own mind, impelled thereto solely by his own scientific curiosity, with the subject of substituting house-lighting alternating current for direct battery current to power radio apparatus. The conception of the application of alternating current concerned particularly broadcast reception and was in no way related to the remote control relay devised for aircraft use. This idea was conceived by Dunmore Aug. 3, 1921, and he reduced the invention to practice Dec. 16, 1921. Early in 1922 he advised his superior of his invention and spent additional time in perfecting the details. On Feb. 27, 1922, he filed an application for a patent. 

Chemistry was supplanted during World War II by physics, which brought forth treasures radar, proximity fuses, electronic computers, and finally the atom bomb. More recently, the elite armies of the world have turned to the fruits of computer science and electronic engineering. They fight wars by remote control, with video cameras aboard pilotless aircraft and bombs that home in precisely on geographic coordinates delivered by orbiting satellites. 

Mines are distributed in the subsurface of minefields or landing strips, suspended in the air with balloons, or floated in water. They work by fuzes or remote control, or by being triggered on contact with or by the influence (pressure or magnetic fields) of the target itself (personnel, boats, vehicles, aircraft). 

A drone is a pilotless micro air vehicle (MAV), which is fully remote-controllable and reusable as a combat aircraft. Essentially, the drone provides almost all of the... 

An incendiary of an entirely different kind from those that have been mentioned was the Weary Willie. By the end of 1944 the AAF had a number of worn-out aircraft that could no longer be used safely in combat. Someone came up with the idea that these planes might be loaded with explosives or incendiaries and flown by remote control over important targets in enemy territory. The Army handed the CWS the problem of determining the most effective incendiary cargo for these Weary Willies or remote controlled bombs. 

As a less expensive, but less reliable, platform for infrared observations, high-altitude balloons have played an important role. Balloons offer much higher altitudes than aircraft and can provide observing times as long as several days under favorable conditions. The observations must be either preprogrammed or remotely controlled. Attitude control is somewhat harder with a balloon platform, and the descent phase can be hard on the equipment. Modern balloon astronomy flights are unmanned. An early NASA... 

This system has been used inside a research aircraft where outside air is ported into the aircraft and through the system, as well as in an under-wing pod with direct frontal airflow, as seen in Fig. 15.2. The system continuously measures and records the concentration of airborne photon-emitting radionuclides. The R-TARAC stores all collected data and can be automatically or manually controlled from a remote console to provide instant datareporting to the flight crew and an operations center. 

Meanwhile, in the area of remote manipulation, electrohydraulic, or electromechanical, bilateral master-slave systems were developed for the nuclear power industry to reduce the mental burden placed on the operator by providing force reflection. Aircraft controls for large planes and some high-performance military aircraft, building on work from the field of teleoperation or remote manipulation, have done away with the direct physical interconnection of the pilot and flight surfaces and now use fly-by-wire systems. 

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