Relic species

When such an electrode is discharged by removal of the electroactive species, the residual particles of the reactant phase remain as relics in the microstructure. This provides fixed permanent locations for the reaction to take place during following cycles, when the electroactive species again enters the structure. Thus this type of con-... 

N. P. J. Price, B. Relic, F. Talmont, A. Lewin, D. Pronie, S. G. Pueppke, F. Maillct, J. Denarie, J.-C. Prome, and W. J. Broughton, Broad-ho.st-range Rhizohiimi species strain NGR 234 secretes a family of carbamoylated, and fucosylated, nodulation signals that are O-acetylated or sulfated. Mol. Microbiol. 6 3575 (1992). 

The Gurian Chaudian layers were reliably registered only on the coast of Georgia they are represented by shallow-water deposits of the initial stage of the Chaudian transgression and contain abundant shells of Pliocene relics (Tschaudia tschaudae) and Black Sea species (Didacna pseudocrassa and others). 

The Upper Chaudian deposits are the most developed different facies of them are spread over almost the entire Black Sea coast. In the reference section on Cape Chauda they are represented by shallow-water carbonate sediments with abundant fauna consisting of Pliocene relics (Tschaudia tschaudae), Black Sea endemic species (Didacna pseudocrassa, D. olla, and others), and fresh-water elements (Dreissena polymorpha). In other sections of the... 

Brackishwater basin connected with the Caspian Sea and subjected to periodic freshening and water outflows to the Mediterranean Sea, fauna dominated by the Gurian (Pliocene) relics and Black Sea endemic species - salinity up to 15-19 %o... 

Fig. 2 Pleistocene basins of the Black Sea. 1-4 Types of the mollusk fauna 1 brackishwater fauna 2 Pliocene relics 3 Black Sea endemic species 4 Caspian immigrants. 5-6 Mediterranean fauna 5 stenohaline 6 euryhaline...

The planktonic fauna of the Sea of Azov consists of representatives of different origins. Species of the freshwater, relic brackish-water, Pontian-Caspian, and marine assemblages are encountered [21]. 

Caspian endemics [27] later, this species was also recorded in the Black Sea on the shelf of Romania [26], At present, A. Bogani also refers this species to the Ponto-Caspian relics of the Ponto-Azov basin [28]. 

The fauna of the Black Sea is extremely diverse, and includes about 2300 species, among them fishes (192 species) and mammals (four species). The major part of the ichthyofauna (60%) consists of species of a Mediterranean-Atlantic origin that permanently dwell in the Black Sea. The ichthyofauna also includes Pontian-Caspian relics (bullhead and sardelle), Boreal-Atlantic relics (sprat, Black Sea salmon, and whiting), and freshwater fishes inhabiting near-mouth regions of the sea (carp, bream, pikeperch, bass, and others). 

Only one species is attributed to the ancient relic family Himantrandaceae, but a large number of alkaloids have been isolated from it by a Sydney University group [44, 45]. The species, now known as Galbulimima belgraveana, occurrs in both New Guinea and north Queensland, and its content of alkaloids is very variable. They are, as might be expected, quite different in structure from any others, and some of the diverse types are represented by himbacine (25), himandridine (26) and himbadine (27). 

The differences in the tissue hormone concentrations in various animals and the dissimilarities in the age changes of the tissue levels may be related to the fact that the presence of hormones in the endocrine glands presumably is chiefly the result of genetic factors. For the survival of an animal species, adequate biochemical functions are required only to ensure continuation of life until the reproductive stage has been reached. It may be presumed that several other biological features merely are the consequences of evolutionary coincidences they have been classified as evolutionary freaks or evolutionary relics by some biologists. 

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