Factor reliability

The values of G2 (calc.), calculated with the final parameters, are given in Table 2, where they are compared with G2 (obs.). Considering that the intensities were estimated visually from photographs, the agreement is excellent. The conventional reliability factor R, as applied here to the G2 rather than to structure factors, i.e. 

The reliability factor B was 0276 after the first refinement and 0-211 after the fourth refinement. The parameters from the third and fourth refinements differed very little from one another. The final values are given in Table 1. As large systematic errors were introduced in the refinement process by the unavoidable use of very poor atomic form factors, the probable errors in the parameters as obtained in the refinement were considered to be of questionable significance. For this reason they are not given in the table. The average error was, however, estimated to be 0-001 for the positional parameters and 5% for the compositional parameters. The scattering power of the two atoms of type A was given by the least-squares refinement as only 0-8 times that of aluminum (the fraction... 

Heat detectors normally have a higher reliability factor than other types of fire detectors. This tends to lead to fewer false alarms. Overall they are slower to activate than other detecting devices. They should be considered for installation only where speed of activation is not considered critical or as a backup fire detection device to other fire detection devices. They have an advantage of suitability for outdoor applications but the disadvantage of not sensing smoke particles or visible flame from a fire. 

The quality function is given by the crystallographic reliability factor, Rt. 

Reliability factors for estimated structure factors were calculated using the equation ... 

Reflection intensity in the SAED negatives was measured with a microdensitometer. The refinement of the structure analysis was performed by the least square method over the intensity data (25 reflections) thus obtained. A PPX single-crystal is a mosaic crystal which gives an "N-pattem". Therefore we used the 1/d hko as the Lorentz correction factor [28], where d hko is the (hkO) spacing of the crystal. In this case, the reliability factor R was 31%, and the isotropic temperature factor B was 0.076nm. The molecular conformation of the P-form took after that of the P-form since R was minimized with this conformation benzene rings are perpendicular to the trans-zigzag plane of -CH2-CH2-. 

In the engineering development stage, a practical and workable design is developed. Prototype samples are produced on equipment located at the Technical Center that duplicates the production process to be used. A portion of the materials evaluation work is also performed at this time. Candidate materials are given performance tests and moldability is analyzed in detail. Cost and reliability factors are also considered at this time. 

The cell parameters are determined as a= 18.2872(8) A, fe=l 1.2120(4) A, c=l 1.1748(4) A,and /J=107.91(l)° (monoclinic P21),by the Rietveld analysis. The reliability factor (R-factor) based on the Bragg intensities, R(, and weighted profile R-factor, Rwp, were 6.3 and 2.6%, respectively. The MEM charge density based on Rietveld analysis was derived with 502 observed structure factors by dividing the unit cell into 128x72x72 pixels. The reliability factor of the final MEM charge density was 3.8%. 

Fig. 17 Plot of reliability factors Rwp and Rjof the Rietveld refinementsfor the C66-C2Visomers...

It should be noted that the recent theoretical study suggested a different structural model of Sc2 C66 based on the isomer 4059 [46]. The best fit of the Rietveld refinement based on this theoretical model gives the reliability factors Rwp=9.1% and Ri=57.6%. The fitting result is shown in Fig. 19 with the structural model. The... 

Use of F magnitudes in least-squares refinement Parameter refined 154 Reliability factors ... 

Table 1. Refined fractional atomic positions, unit cell parameters and reliability factors (%) of LiVMoOh having space group CI2/mI at room temperature.

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