Rejection apparent

Elevated excretion of neopterin is correlated with certain malignant diseases, viral infection and graft rejection, apparently because neopterin is secreted by macrophages in the course of T-lymphocyte activation (I. Ziegler, in Biochemical and Clinical Aspects of the Pteridines 4 (1985) 347-361]. Activation of lymphocytes in vitro is stimulated by sepiapterin, dihy-dro- and tetrahydropterins, but repressed by xantho-and isoxanthopterins. These P. are thus lymphokines. 

Relationship between confidence intervals and results of a significance test, (a) The shaded area under the normal distribution curves shows the apparent confidence intervals for the sample based on fexp. The solid bars in (b) and (c) show the actual confidence intervals that can be explained by indeterminate error using the critical value of (a,v). In part (b) the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. In part (c) the null hypothesis is retained. 

There is an apparent paradox here that as the cooled cycle contains an irreversible process (constant pressure mixing), its efficiency might be expected to be lower than the original uncooled cycle. The answer to this paradox follows from consideration of all the irreversibilities in the cycle and we refer back to the analysis of Section 3.2.1.1, for the rational efficiency of the [CHT]ru cycle. The irreversibility associated with the heat supply is unchanged, as given in Eq. (3.3), but the irreversibility associated with the heat rejection between temperatures T(, and T) = Ta becomes... 

We can then add the two cycles together as shown in Fig. 8.4c, to form a semi-closed plant. There is double the flow through this new plant, double the heat supply and double the work output. Strictly, the total heat rejected is not doubled half the turbine exhaust is now discharged to the atmosphere and half the heat rejected into a cooler before it is recirculated into the compressor. The thermal efficiency of this double semi-closed plant is unchanged from that of the original closed cycle and the original open cycle. So there is apparently no thermodynamic advantage in semi-closure it is undertaken for a different purpose. 

Table 11 presents the rejection of solutes from their aqueous solutions by the 67 membrane with the apparatus mentioned above. Rejection R0 was obtained using Eqs. (3) and (4) from apparent rejection Ra and concentration factor X. 

The second perspective is closer to the mark Measurements that apparently do not fit model or experience should always be investigated in the light of all available information. While there is the distinct possibility of a discovery about to be made, the other outcome of a sober analysis of the circumstances is more probable a deviation from the experimental protocol. If this is documented, all the better the probable outlier can, in good conscience, be rejected and replaced by a reliable repeat result. 

Results for styrene - yield Ea 21 kcal. Since Ep — Et/2 was found previously to be 6.5 kcal., we conclude that the activation energy Ei for thermal initiation in styrene is 29 kcal., which would be quite acceptable for the process (21), already rejected on other grounds. For methyl methacrylate, Ea—l kcal. and Ep — Et/2 = b kcal. Hence Ei = 22 kcal. These initiation reactions are very much slower than is normal for other reactions with similar activation energies. The extraordinarily low frequency factors Ai apparently are responsible. For methyl methacrylate, Ai is less than unity. Interpreted as a bimo-lecular process, this would imply initiation at only one collision in about 10 of those occurring with the requisite energy ... 

There is an apparent discrepancy between the two compounds, cycloaliphatic cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol. For the latter there is a discrepancy anyway between the three columns, which makes testing difficult (the industrial substance, clone, is a mixture of these two substances is our substance pure This would explain the discrepancy between the first two columns but not the one of the theoretical estimation). We do not have enough confidence in the experimental results found in the literature to reject our estimates, especially when we have only one value. 

All rabbits selected for the study must be in good health any rabbit exhibiting sniffles, hair loss, loose stools, or apparent weight loss is rejected and replaced. 

The amphipod Hyperiella takes advantage of Clione s chemical defense. Fish that mistakenly snap up a Hyperiella equipped with a sea butterfly immediately spit the pair out. In a laboratory test, fish ate all the naked Hyperiella presented to them, and of a dozen armed amphipods, they refused ten. In the two cases where they consumed an amphipod initially carrying Clione, the pair came apart in the fish s mouth. The fish swallowed the amphipod but rejected the sea butterfly. Apparently, the amphipod holds its bodyguard tenaciously, or the two would separate more often. 

However, this particular experimental design only covered values of x3 up to 1.68 consequently, the saddle point is only predicted by the model and not exhibited by the data. This is the reason the lack-of-fit tests of Section IV indicated neither model 3 nor model 4 of Table XVI could be rejected as inadequately representing the data. As is apparent, additional data must be taken in the vicinity of the stationary point to confirm this predicted nature of the surface and hence to allow rejection of certain models. This region of experimentation (or beyond) is also required by the parameter estimation and model discrimination designs of Section VII. 

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