Regeneration shoots

A. Induction of hairy roots by co-culture method, Infected segments were cultured on 1/2 MS solid medium containing 500 mg/1 Claforan at 25 °C in the dark. B The selected hairy root clone that demonstrated typical hairy root morphology. The hairy roots were cultured in MS liquid medium at 25 C in the dark for 4 weeks. C The regenerated shoots from the hairy (left) and adventitious (right) roots. The shoots were cultured on MS solid medium at 25 C under 16 hr/day light. 

Shoot regeneration occurred spontaneously when the roots were cultured on HF 1/2 MS solid medium for over 6 months without exchanging the culture medium, Fig. (56A). The regenerated shoots were excised and transferred onto FIF B5 solid medium containing 3% sucrose (30 ml in a 3... 

The alkaloid content of regenerated shoots was analyzed by ELISA and HPLC (Table 21). The regenerated shoots apparently could accumulate much more morphinan alkaloids than their original calli (approximately 1000-fold higher level of morphine equivalents for the non-transformants, 100-fold higher level of morphine equivalents for the transformants). The transformed shoots contained almost the same level of morphinan alkaloids as the non-transformed shoots when being analyzed by ELISA, but no morphine could be detected by HPLC. 

Chenopodiaceae. The alkaloid content in the twigs of Anabasis aphylla L. decreases toward the end of the vegetative period. When the aerial portion is severed the regenerated shoots are rich in alkaloid. Salsola ricMeri Karel similarly shows a decrease in alkaloid content at maturity and then salsoline predominates (355). 

Hairy roots of A. belladonna were induced not only by wild type Ri plasmid but also by its mutants. Although either Tl- or Tr-DNA could induce hairy roots, TR hairy roots grew less vigorously and had tendency to regenerate shoots spontaneously. This indicates that Tl-DNA may play a more important role for the hairy root formation than Tr-DNA though the phytohormone independency of hairy roots is attributed to tmsl and tms 2 genes in the Tr-DNA region [90]. 

Sediment accretion or additions can improve primary productivity of marsh vegetation. For example, sediment addition to a deteriorating Spartina alterniflora salt marsh at a rate equivalent to 94 kg mr increased the aboveground biomass production by 100% (DeLaune et al., 1990a) (Table 18.2a). The sediment addition increased marsh surface by approximately 10 cm. Similarly, the number of regenerating shoots increased substantially compared to control plots. 

Fig. 3A-D. Top Callus cultures of wild type N. plumbaginifolia (A) and an auxin-requiring variant, AB58 (B) on medium (a) with and (b) without NAA. Bottom Regenerated shoots of wild type (C) and an auxin-requiring variant, BN 14 (D) after grafting to the top of N. tabacum stocks. The wild type is growing normally and will flower and set seed. The BN 14 scion at this stage consists mostly of older, brown, desiccated leaves interspersed at the base with younger, green leaves (arrowed)...

Transfer regenerated shoots onto half strength MS medium supplemented with 2-4 mg/litre PPT, under strong light (130 mE), 18 h photoperiod, 24 °C After two weeks, transfer elongated shoots to tubes containing the same mediiun. 

Leaf and root explants from axenically grown seedlings of L fendleri regenerate shoots profusely on MS medium with 3% sucrose and 1 mg/L each of benzyl adenine and zeatin. These explants were cocultivated Agrobacterium tumefaciens harbouring a binary transformation vector whose T-DNA carries genes conferring resistance to either the herbicide L-phosphinothricin (L-PPT) or to kanamycin. 

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