Reflected design

To test the factors at three levels in a ruggedness test one usually applies the so-called reflected designs [17,19,23]. A reflected design is in fact a two level Plackett-Burman, full or fractional factorial design that is executed twice. Once the design contains the first extreme and the nominal level and once the other extreme and the nominal level. Both designs have one experiment in common, namely an experiment in which all factors are at nominal conditions. A reflected Plackett-Burman design for 7 factors is shown in Table 3.18. 

REFLECTED DESIGN FOR 7 FACTORS DERIVED FROM TFIE PLACKETT-BURMAN DESIGN FOR 7 FACTORS... 

In Tables 5.10 and 5.11 the method conditions are represented by 0 and the extreme conditions by 1 and -1. The star design requires one measurement at each extreme value whereas the reflected design has two measurements. This difference becomes more marked for larger k values. Star designs can not test interaction effects. 

REFLECTED DESIGN EOR SEVEN FACTORS DERIVED EROM THE EQUIVALENT PLACKETT-BURMAN DESIGN... 

The PRA model has to be updated to ensure that it represents the built, as built and as operated (i.e., the model should reflect design changes, retrofits, and changes in plant operating procedures). 

However, version 3 of the divide-and-conquer schema is hardwired into our synthesis mechanism. This results from a hardwired sequence of instantiations of predicate-variables of that schema, as well as from a hardwired mapping between these predicate-variables and the methods of the developed tool-box. Parameterizing the synthesis mechanism on algorithm schemas and tool-boxes would thus be a first step towards supporting schemas reflecting design strategies other than divide-and-conquer. 

The principal advantages of the Czerny-Turner are its relative simplicity and wavelength flexibility. Because it is an all-reflective design, it is naturally achromatic. The Czerny-Turner is easy to scan and can accommodate multiple gratings. This makes the Czerny-Turner an attractive spectrograph for research systems that require flexibility to operate with many different lasers (e.g., for resonance Raman spectroscopy [99]),... 

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