Refining intensity

Figure 13.17 shows the indexed values of burst strength as a function of NSE at various levels of refining intensity. Similar plots for internal bond-strength values are shown in... 

Figure 13.18. Developments of these two important strength properties were achieved with the trial plates at a maximum refining intensity of 5.7 Ws/m and NSE range between 100 and 200 kWh/t. With the existing plate pattern (BW and TW results), a similar or lower level of strength development was achieved at more than twice the net specific refining energy.

What is the refining intensity used in each refiner ... 

What is the refining intensity or specific edge load through each of the refiners... 

What will be the refining intensities if both refiners are mn at the maximum available motor power ... 

Lumiainen, J.L. (1990) New approach to the critical factors effecting refining intensity and intensity results in low consistency refirting. Tappi Papemtakers Conference Proceedings, Tappi Press, Atlanta, USA. 

Mohlin, U. (2002) Industrial refining of unbleached kraft pulps - the effect of pH and refining intensity. Tappi 2002 Paper Summit. 

Structure Determination and Refinement. Intensity data are usually recorded at two or more nozzle-to-plate distances. A composite experimental intensity curve is then constructed and used to compute an experimental RD curve according to equation (39). This RD curve combined with the knowledge of reasonable values for some of the structural parameters, gives in many cases an initial model accurate enough to start a least-squares refinement. In other cases it is advantageous to calculate a number of theoretical curves... 

Figure 5 The powder pattern from a two-phase mixture of orthorhombic (CH3)2SBr2 5 and monociinic (CH3)2SBr4 recorded at a wavelength of 0.94 718 A at the BM16 beam line at the ESRF. The two lines of vertical bars show the location of diffraction lines for the two different phases. The bottom pattern shows the difference between the observed and refined intensities from the Rietveld refinement. Courtesy of Vaughan, Mora, Rtch, Gates and Muir, 1998.

In spite of the increasing development of the instmmental record of earthquakes from the second half of the twentieth cenmry, macroseismic intensity analyses are stUl the usual practice when analyzing both historical and recent earthquakes. Recent earthquakes provide the opportunity to compare earthquake damage levels and instrumental records of horizontal ground acceleration to classify and properly quantify the recorded effects on buildings and environment and consequently to refine intensity scales. 

Lecourt, M., Sigoillot,J. C., and Petit-Conil, M. [2010]. Cellulase-assisted refining of chemical pulps Impact of enzymatic charge and refining intensity on energy consumption and pulp quality. Process Biochem., 45[2010], 1274-1278. 

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