Reductive degradation

Rearrangement of a,/B-epoxy ketones to ftdicarbonyl isomers, 307 Reductive alkylation, 97 Reductive cleavage of halo ethers, 264 Reductive degradation of 19-substitutional steroids, 277, 278 Reformatsky reaction, 139 Removal of the C-10 substituent in steroids. 272... 

There are important requirements that may be necessary, and an additional substrate may be required either to promote cell growth or to serve as a reductant. Degradation may be functional under low oxygen concentrations and be facilitated by the presence of straw compost (Laine and Jorgensen 1996). 

Hung H-M, Hoffmann MR (1998) Kinetics and mechanism of the enhanced reductive degradation of CC14 by elemental iron in the presence of ultrasound. Environ Sci Technol 32(19) 3011—3016... 

Alkali metal boratabenzenes may be liberated from bis (boratabenzene) cobalt complexes 7 and 13 by reductive degradation with elemental Li, sodium amalgam, or Na/K alloy (60), or alternatively by degradation with cyanides (61). The latter method has been developed in detail (Scheme 4). It produces spectroscopically pure ( H-NMR control) solutions of the products 26 the excess alkali metal cyanide and the undefined cyanocobalt compounds produced are essentially insoluble in acetonitrile. 

PdCys are a valuable addition to the range of Pd(0) precatalysts. The thermal reductive degradation of PdCys to Pd(0) nanoparticles generally requires temperatures in excess of 110°C but is sensitive to the substrates involved in the reaction. In appropriate cases, it can be achieved... 

Sweeny KH. 1979. Reductive degradation treatment of industrial and municipal wastewaters. Proceedings of the Water Reuse Symposium 2 1487-1497. 

The tetrahedral structure of the dianion [Fe4(CO)i3]2- has been described in Section 2.2. The reductive degradation of the carbonyl group apically bound to the Fe3 basal triangle leads to the [Fe4(CO)12C]2 carbide cluster, the molecular structure of which is shown in Figure 38.ld... 

The P H HP NMR picture of CO/ethene copolymerisation in MeOH is exemplified by the sequence of variable-temperature spectra shown in Figure 7.6 relative to a reaction catalysed by [Pd(TFA)2(dppp)]. It has been observed that the intensity of the P NMR signal decreases with time, which is apparently due to the irreversible reductive degradation of Pd" species to Pd metal [5b, c]. 

Guengerich, F.P. (1994) Metabolism and genotoxicity of dihaloalkanes. Adv. Pharmacol., 27,211-236 Guha, S.N., Schoneich, C. Asmus, K.D. (1993) Free radical reductive degradation of vic-dibromoalkanes and reaction of bromine atoms with polyunsaturated fatty acids possible involvement of Br(.) in the 1,2-dibromoethane-induced lipid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. 

Gold PI, Amar PK, Swaidan BE (1973) Friction reduction degradation in dilute polyethylene oxide) solutions J Appl Polym Sci 17 333... 

Thorn, K. A. (1997). Covalent binding of the reductive degradation products of TNT to humic substances examined by 1SN NMR. Abs. Pap. Am. Chem.Soc. 213,107-ENVR. 

The identification of wool, cotton and rayon by observing their reductive degradation thermograms may be less reliable because the presence of flame retardants, dyestuffs, etc., may somewhat alter the thermal curves. However, as a comparison technique, samples from a truly identical origin, encapsulated or run under the same conditions should give similar results (10). 

Chlorinated aromatics such as chlorobenzene may also be dechlorinated by solvated electron capture as shown in Eq. (84). Aromatic halogenated organics are readily reductively degraded by electron capture. Typically, sequential dechlorination occurs until the aromatic skeleton remains in unhalogenated form. The chlorine-containing product is HC1. 

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