Reduced fecundity

Trivalent chromium was less effective than Cr+6 in reducing fecundity of Daphnia magna 44 pg Cr+VL vs. 10 pg Cr+6/L (USEPA 1980). Annelid worms (Tubifex sp.) accumulated about 1 mg total chromium/kg whole body during exposure for 2 weeks in sediments containing 175 mg ( T+3/kg, suggesting that benthic invertebrates have only a limited ability to accumulate chromium from sediments or clays (Neff et al. 1978). 

Sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus 0.47 Reduced fecundity 3... 

In a B. glabrata resistant snail line (LAC) that was derived from a previously susceptible snail stock NMRI (Cooper et ai, 1994), histological studies indicated that they possessed abnormal albumen glands compared to their susceptible counterparts. Concurrent with these results was the observation that the LAC snail displayed a reduced fecundity, manifested by the presence of abnormal egg clutches. There is as yet, no evidence that the reduced reproductive capacity seen in these snails is directly related to their parasite refractory phenotype. 

Weinberg CR, Wilcox AJ, Baird DD (1989) Reduced fecundability in women with prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke. Am J Epidemiol, 129 1072-1078. 

Systemic, ingested insecticide active by root application. Interferes with moulting affecting larval stages of insects. Also reduces fecundity in treated adults and have some ovicidal properties... 

In 1971 it was reported (5) that some substance(s) present in the diet of the host resulted in reduced fecundity when Glosslna morsltans morsltans were fed on these animals. Subsequently Turner and Marashi reported similar problems with G. m. morsltans fed on rabbits which had eaten contaminated food (6). The toxin(s) were not identified in either case, but the effects of coccidiostats added to the diet were not realized until Jordan and Trewern reported that sulphaquinoxaline (75 ppm) with pyrimethamine (7.5 ppm) together markedly lowered fecundity of G. austenl and G. m. morsltans when fed to the rabbit hosts (7 ). 

Exposure to 2,4,5-T reduces fecundity and impairs larval development in honeybees (100-1000 ppm). It has also been reported to reduce arthropod counts in sprayed forested areas by up to 50%. Gill Ca-ATPase activity was reduced by 2,4,5-T exposure in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and juveniles were more susceptible than adults. Studies conducted in birds (Japanese quail and mallard ducks) report liver abnormalities, proliferation of bile canaliculi, anorexia, wasting, and decreased fecundity. Many of these effects are likely attributable to dioxins that may also be present in 2,4,5-T preparations. 

Formamidine effects on twospotted spider mites, Tet-ranychus urticae, included elicitation of walk-off and spin-down dispersal and reduction of fecundity and egg hatch. Formamidine-induced walk-off and spin-down were not correlated, but the former was significantly associated with formamidine-induced lethality. A moderately strong correlation existed among the activities of formamidines in reducing fecundity, egg hatch, and reproductive potential, whereas only weak associations were found between these parameters and formamidine-induced lethality. 

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