Recyclability and reusability

Recycling Only recyclable and reusable There is a plan to set up e-waste There are e-waste recycling State-of-the- facilities can... 

The group of Ley has reported on the use of palladium-doped perovskites as recyclable and reusable catalysts for Suzuki couplings [151]. Microwave-mediated cross-couplings of phenylboronic acid with aryl halides were achieved within 1 h by utilizing the supported catalyst (0.25 mol% palladium) in aqueous 2-propanol (Scheme 7.127). The addition of water was crucial as attempted transformations in non-aqueous mixtures did not proceed. 

Procurement policies regarding government purchase of recycled products, products designed to be recycled, and reusable products... 

The recyclability and reusability of 29b was secured by its facile precipitation with ethyl ether, the solid being reused directly in the next run. 

Similar results have been reported for the closely related complex 91, which was an efficient catalyst for the RCM of di-, tri- and tetrasubstituted diene and enyne substrates. The reactions were performed in a homogeneous mixture of [bmim][PF6]/CH2Cl2 (1 9 v/v) as the solvent and in the presence of 1 mol.% of catalyst 91 at 45 °C (Scheme 1.54). Catalyst 91 combined the advantages of high reactivity and a high level of recyclability and reusability with only a very slight loss of activity. 

In the Xiao s laboratory [27], the pyridinium-based ionic liquids as the suitable media were used for the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene, which was carried out at a better rate but at relatively lower temperature with high product conversion. They found that the [EtPyKCFjCOO] (i-ethyl-pyridinium trifluoroacetatel-FeClj was an enviromnental friendly, recyclable, and reusable solvent-catalyst system to replace the traditional aluminum catalysis system. During the process, the alkylation... 

Wang and coworkers synthesised recyclable and reusable pyrrolidine-fluorosulfonamide organocatalysts 3b,c. The fluorous sulfonamide organocatalyst 3b was used for the Michael addition of ketones and aldehydes to nitro-olefins in water, and the reaction gave products with high enantio- and diastereomeric purity. Robust organocatalyst 3b was easily separated from... 

Scheme 9.22 Recyclable and reusable pyrrolidine fluorous sulfonamide organocatalysts.

Cellulose sulfurie acid rt, 20-30 min, recyclable and reusable catalyst, 89-96% 45... 

Abstract ImidazoUum ionic licpiid has been explored as a recyclable and reusable reaction medium. It not only acts as a reaction medium but also enhances the rate of reaction. The present chapter focuses on its use in different reactions for the synthesis of bioactive oiganic compounds. 

Consider the use of recyclable and reusable materials to reduce waste. 

The recyclability and reusability of the catalyst were also very good for the same reaction. After the completion of the reaction, the catalyst was recovered by simple filtration and reused in the next reaction. It has been found that the catalytic activity remain unaltered even after five catalytic cycles. 

In both reactions, the goal is the reduction of metallic waste and the residual levels of copper in final products. The same objective could be also reached by the development of recyclable and reusable catalytic systems. 

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