Recreational drugs amyl nitrite

Amyl nitrite ( -mil NYE-trite) commonly occurs in two isomeric forms n-amyl nitrite and isoamyl nitrite (3-methy-lamyl nitrite or 3-methylpentyl nitrite). In common usage, the term amyl nitrite most commonly refers to the isoamyl form. Both isomers occur as yellowish liquids with a distinctive sweet odor and a pungent taste. They are unstable and break down when exposed to air, light, or water. Both isomers are probably best known as vasodilators, substances that cause blood vessels to relax and expand, allowing an increased flow of blood through the body. Because of its widespread use as a hazardous recreational drug, isoamyl nitrite has been banned, except for specified medical uses. 

Nitric oxide formed from amyl nitrite inhibits cytochrome P450 (117) and ritonavir inhibits CYP2D6 (118), which has a major role in metamfetamine detoxification (119). This interaction could have led to fatal plasma concentrations of metamfetamine. It is therefore suggested that patients who take protease inhibitors are made aware of the potential risk of using any form of recreational drugs metabolized by CYP2D6, particularly metamfetamine. 

As recreational use of amyl nitrite spread, authorities opposed its unrestricted sale. Finally, in 1969,. the Food and Drug Administration reiinpnsed the prescription requirement, ending over-the-counter distribution. Today, liowever, it is still in wide use, especially in gay com mum ties... 

Butyl nitrite and isobutyl nitrite are close chemical relaiives of amyl nitrite that are not under any drug regulations. They are sold by mail tirder and over the counter in head sliops. They come in small bottles or aerosol cans with labels identilying them as liquid incense" or "room odorizer/ hut everyone wiio I uiys these products knows what they are for. Butyl nitrite and isobutyl nitrile are of recent appearance as recreational drugs Their effects are the same as those of poppers. 

Nitrites and nitrates have a number of medicinal uses. Abuse of volatile nitrites (amyl, butyl, and isobutyl nitrites intended for medical use) as recreational drugs (e.g., psychedelics) has been reported. On the street, they may be called rush , poppers , and snappers . 

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