Recent Clinical results

For many years, clinical development of PARPi has focused on evaluating their potential as chemo- and radio-potentiating agents. However, clinical trials have recently been initiated to investigate single agent activity in specific subpopulations [40,41]. 

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Moroz G (2004) High-potency benzodiazepine Recent clinical results. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 65 13-18. 

Macromolecular antitumor prodrugs have been studied and developed actively for these two to three decades, since Ringsdorf reported on the basic design for polymeric dmgs. Most of them could accumulate in tumor tissue, based on EPR (Enhanced Permeability and Retention) effect demonstrated and named by Maeda et al. ". The recent clinical results of macromolecular prodmgs such as PKl have indicated that the polymer therapeutics are now promising for treatment of cancer. 

In humans, biomarker responses to PPAR agonists by and large support possible antiatherosclerotic benefits, although recent clinical trial results have not proven conclusive. Further large-scale trials should help define the role of PPAR agonist therapy on cardiovascular events in at-risk populations. 

Clinical results with 20 have been recently reported from a phase I study that enrolled 70 healthy male human subjects. In this study, morning administration of the drug (200 mg and above) reduced alertness and latency to sleep stage 2 and increased time spent in sleep stage 2 with an overall improvement of sleep efficiency and total sleep time. These effects disappeared 6.5 h after drug administration [57],... 

Since its inception the NNT has been widely used not only to report the results of individual clinical trials, but more particularly in the evidence-based medicine world to report the results of systematic reviews, or meta-analyses (see Section 8.6). Its use by the evidence-based medicine fraternity has led to the NNT being incorporated into a number of treatment guidelines. Three of four recent clinical practice guidelines issued by the Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists used the NNT in summarising results. Despite its popularity with clinicians, not all statisticians have been as supportive. ... 

The symptom of syncope in a patient with ischemic heart disease and heart failure should initially prompt concern about ventricular dysrhythmias. Based on the results of recent clinical trials of sudden death prevention in heart failure [27, 28], most patients with low ejection fraction and advanced ischemic heart disease will likely be treated with an... 

In terms of clinical proof of neuroprotective effects in chronic neurodegenerative diseases, so far there are promising clinical results in ATS only with riluzole, and even then, the increase of survival obtained was only modest. The failure of r emacemide in a recent study in Huntington s disease was clearly a big setback. On the other hand, the moderate-affinity NMDA receptor antagonist memantine provides clear symptomatic improvement in dementia in both clinical and preclinical situations, and the precHnical data predict neuroprotective effects, substantiated by numerous animal models. 

Combination chemotherapy is the standard approach to stage III and stage IV disease. Randomized clinical studies have shown that the combination of paclitaxel and cisplatin provides survival benefit compared with the previous standard combination of cisplatin plus cyclophosphamide. More recently, several studies have shown that carboplatin and paclitaxel yields clinical results similar to what is achieved with the cisplatin plus paclitaxel combination however, because of reduced toxicity and greater ease of administration, carboplatin plus paclitaxel has now become the treatment of choice. In patients who present with recurrent disease, the topoisomerase I inhibitor topotecan, the alkylating agent altretamine, and liposomal doxorubicin are used as single agent monotherapy. 

Fondaparinux is a chemically synthesized pentasaccharide that mimics the antithrombin-binding site of heparin and LMWH. Its molecular size (1728Da) is too small to bind to thrombin molecules while it is bound to antithrombin, Therefore, it is a pure anti-Xa inhibitor. It binds very little to platelets, proteins, or endothelium and is excreted in the urine, It does not form a complex with PF4 or other positively charged molecules. It is not neutralizable by protamine sulfate, Recent clinical trials have resulted in FDA approval for prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis in orthopedic surgery, It has been shown to be effective and safe for the treatment of pulmonary embolism (20,21) and ACS (non-ST-elevation Ml) (OASIS 5—Michelangelo Trial) (17). 

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