Reactivity generalized

Silicon halides are typically tetrahedral compounds. The siUcone—halogen bond is very polar thus the siUcon is susceptible to nucleophilic attack, which in part accounts for the broad range of reactivity with various chemicals. Furthermore, reactivity generally increases with the atomic weight of the halogen atom. 

In Chapter 4, we will discuss the relative importance of inductive effects and field effects on reactivity. Generally, field effects appear to be the dominant mechanism for the transmission of electrostatic effects of polar bonds to other parts of a molecule. 

Safety considerations are paramount in any boron hydride synthesis. The energy yield from the oxidations of boron hydrides is too high for any cavalier treatment of boron hydrides. Exclusion of air is the critical consideration in diborane reactions. Decaborane(14) is less reactive, generally, in a kinetic sense, but the thermodynamic potential is comparable. In addition, all volatile boron hydrides are toxic. The procedures described in the latter two preparations are within our experience non-hazardous. These procedures should be followed in every detail improvisation is not recommended. 

Further studies that demonstrate that hydration of bay-region diol epoxides under acidic conditions can occur by general acid catalysis in addition to proton catalysis have expanded our understanding of their reactivity. General acid catalyzed hydration involves H-bonding of the epoxide O-atom by the acid catalyst, followed by nucleophilic attack of the distal C-atom by H20/H0 [108][109],... 

Fluorination of an organic hydrocarbon compound strongly affects its physical properties and chemical reactivity. General principles that determine the characteristic effects of fluorination will be presented. For reviews in this area, see refs 1-3. 

An additional criterion, in our opinion a very important one, but which is not a property of the ground state, is reactivity. Generally, aromatic compounds undergo electrophilic substitution reactions (aromatic substitution) more easily than addition, which is often expressed as a typical tendency of these kinds of systems to retain their initial tr-electron structure [16, 17]. 

As mentioned, photochemical M-CO bond dissociation increases in efficiency relative to M-M photolysis as the radiation energy increases.45 In solution, this type of reactivity generally leads to substitution. However, in the case of the Cp2Mo2(CO)6 molecule, the reaction in equation 23 occurs.14 (Among the dimers, this reaction to form a triply bonded product is unique to the Mo and W species.)... 

Scheme 1. Palladacycles and their ring-size-dependent reactivity (general pictogram).

The tetraorganolead compounds are the best characterized of all the different types of organolead compounds, and tend to be the most stable and least reactive. Generally, they are formed as the major product in the synthesis reactions employed for organolead compounds and they serve as the starting material in the synthesis of other types of organolead compounds. 

On the basis of element—element bond energies, the exothermic character of addition reactions should decrease in the order Si—Si > Si—H > Si—C > C—C > C—H, i.e., C—C activation should be more favorable than C—H activation. The opposite is observed reactivities generally reflect the activation barriers, Si—H < Si—Si < C—H Si—C << C—C.81 Addition reactions of C—C bonds... 

The argviment is persuasive that electrodeposition performance is determined by emulsifier reducibility but this has to be qualified by the fact that reduction potential is a measure of chemical reactivity, generally. Those salts which reduce most readily also hydrolyze more easily. 

Ligand Reactivity - General Introduction (A.J.L. Pombeiro, Vadim Yu Kukushkin). 

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