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Reactive dyes cross linking

The Benzo Fast Copper (I.G. Farbenindustrie) and the Cuprophenyl (Geigy) dyes are converted to insoluble copper complexes on the fiber by treating the dyeings with a copper salt. Copper complex formation on the fiber has strongly lost technical significance due to the copper content in dyehouse effluents. The mostly copper-containing Indosol direct dyes recently launched by Sandoz are cross-linked on and with the fiber by aftertreatment with a special reactive agent [35],... [Pg.312]

The resistance of cellulose to microbial attack when it was treated with resins was attributed to chemical bonds formed between the fiber and the resin this was ascertained by treating cotton with a variety of phosphonium salt-resin compositions having different degrees of cross-linking and homopolymerization (127). Some of the more recent approaches for producing antimicrobial fibers include the use of reactive dyes (128) and mixtures of zirconyl and copper salts (15) on cotton and the bromination of jute (129). [Pg.202]

Normally, cotton is not dyeable after it has been cross-linked with A-methylolamide agents, such as DMDHEU. This is because the fibers are cross-linked in a collapsed state at elevated temperatures and they cannot swell adequately in aqueous solution to accommodate the relatively large dye molecules. However, cross-linked cotton is dyeable with anionic dyes under acidic pH conditions if reactive alkanolamines or hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salts are incorporated in the finishing formulation. In addition, cotton cross linked with polycarboxylic acid, such as BTCA, or citric acid, is dyeable in similar fashion by using the same methods. Thus, these cross-linked cottons have affinity for acid, direct, and reactive anionic dyes at the pH range of 2.5-6.5, depending on the exact chemical composition of the substrate [561-564]. [Pg.117]

M.S. Chiou, H.Y. Li, Adsorption behavior of reactive dye in aqueous solution on chemical cross-linked chitosan beads , Chemosphere, 50, 1095-1105, (2003). [Pg.176]

The effect of temperature on adsorption of reactive blue 19(RB 19) by cross-linked chitosan/oil palm ash composite beads was investigated. It was observed that the uptake of this dye increased with increasing temperature (Masitah et al., 2009). A new type composite flocculant, polysilicate almninum ferric-chitosan was prepared. The performance was analyzed by testing the removal of efficiency of Cu NT, Ztf, Cd and Cr " of heavy metals wastewater. For different heavy metal ions, the best removal efficiency of Cr " and Ni " were 100% and 82.2% respectively (Wu et al., 2010). [Pg.36]

Hasan, M., Ahmad, A. L., and Hameed, B. H. (2008). Adsorption of reactive dye onto cross-linked chitosan/oil palm ash composite beads. Chem. Eng. J. 136, 164-172. [Pg.346]

Masitah, H., Bassim, H. H., and Latif, A. A. (2009). Thermodynamics studies on removal of reactive blue 19 dyes on cross-linked chitosan/ oil palm ash composite beads. Energy and Environment, 50-54. [Pg.359]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.525 ]




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