Reactive dyeing

Azopyrazolones Azopyridones Azo reactive dyes Azoreductases Azorhizobium... 

Black phosphorus Black powder Black reactive dyes Black Rubber 3773... 

Bluepnnts Blue reactive dyes Blue-Shield Blue-sky estimating Blue steel... 

Dyes for leather Dyes, natural Dyes, reactive Dyes, sensitizing... 

Fiber optics cables Fiber optic waveguides Fiber-reactive dyebath Fiber reactive dyes... 

See also phosphorous acid.) [PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS] (Vol 18) Phosphomc acid reactive dyes... 

Procion dyes Procion H Procion H dyes Procion HE Procion H-E dyes Procion MX Procion MX dyes Procion P dyes Procion reactive dyes Procion Red H-E 7B Procion SP Procion supra dyes Procion T PROCOmi Proconvertin [9001-25-6] Proctitis... 

Violet leaf absolute Violet reactive dyes Viologens... 

Yellow reactive dyes Yellow-tip index Yerba santa Yersinia Yersinia pestis Yield stresses Yittnum Ylang-ylang Ylang-ylang oil... 

A series of fiber-reactive dyes have been made by the reaction of Sulforhodamine B with chlorosulfonic acid, an appropriately substituted diamine, and cyanutic chloride to yield dyes, eg, a Sulforhodamine B derivative (34), with good hghtfastness (42). 

Standard polyester fibers contain no reactive dye sites. PET fibers are typically dyed by diffusiag dispersed dyestuffs iato the amorphous regions ia the fibers. Copolyesters from a variety of copolymeri2able glycol or diacid comonomers open the fiber stmcture to achieve deep dyeabiHty (7,28—30). This approach is useful when the attendant effects on the copolyester thermal or physical properties are not of concern (31,32). The addition of anionic sites to polyester usiag sodium dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate [3965-55-7] has been practiced to make fibers receptive to cationic dyes (33). Yams and fabrics made from mixtures of disperse and cationicaHy dyeable PET show a visual range from subde heather tones to striking contrasts (see Dyes, application and evaluation). 

For fluorine-free products, the labiUty of fluorine in fluoronitrobenzenes and other activated molecules permits it to serve as a handle in hair-dye manufacturing operations, high performance polymers such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), production of dmgs such as diuretics, and fiber-reactive dyes. Labile fluorine has also been used in analytical appHcations and biological diagnostic reagents. 

FLUOROPYRIMIDINES Fluoropyrknidines find diverse use in cancer chemotherapy and other dmg appHcations, as well as in fiber-reactive dyes. Table 13 fists physical properties of representative fluoropyrknidines. 

Chloro-2,4,6-trifluoropyrimidine [697-83-6] has gained commercial importance for the production of fiber-reactive dyes (465,466). It can be manufactured by partial fluoriaation of 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyrimidine [1780-40-1] with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (autoclave or vapor phase) (467) or sodium fluoride (autoclave, 300°C) (468). 5-Chloro-2,4,6-trifluoropyrimidine is condensed with amine chromophores to provide the... 

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