Reaction with Neutral Metal Bases

Formation from Group-IIIB Halides 6.5.2.I. by Reaction with Neutral Metal Bases... 

Transition metal carbonyl anions having charges of 1- through 4- are known. Originally such anions were prepared by the reaction of neutral metal carbonyls with bases, for example,13... 

Reactions in RC Ionization is initiated by formation of alkah-metal ions on the emitter. A successful method for obtaining lithium ion cationization mass spectra must provide a means for binding hthium ion to the sample molecules. Lithium ions can be injected into an inert gas, such as nitrogen, that contains a trace amormt of sample, and (M + Li)+ complexes are formed by termolecnlar association reactions. The ionic products observed are a reflection of association reaction rates. The formation of an adduct ion is commonly assumed to be a three-body process, in which a neutral molecule collides with an ion-molecule complex and removes an amormt of energy, stabilizing the (M + Li)+ complex. Based on this model, the cationization process would be suitable in a high-pressure environment, since the added gas molecules serve as the third body in the analyte addition reaction with alkali-metal ions. 

Alkynyl anions are more stable = 22) than the more saturated alkyl or alkenyl anions (p/Tj = 40-45). They may be obtained directly from terminal acetylenes by treatment with strong base, e.g. sodium amide (pA, of NH 35). Frequently magnesium acetylides are made in proton-metal exchange reactions with more reactive Grignard reagents. Copper and mercury acetylides are formed directly from the corresponding metal acetates and acetylenes under neutral conditions (G.E. Coates, 1977 R.P. Houghton, 1979). 

A base is any material that produces hydroxide ions when it is dissolved in water. The words alkaline, basic, and caustic are often used synonymously. Common bases include sodium hydroxide (lye), potassium hydroxide (potash lye), and calcium hydroxide (slaked lime). The concepts of strong versus weak bases, and concentrated versus dilute bases are exactly analogous to those for acids. Strong bases such as sodium hydroxide dissociate completely while weak bases such as the amines dissociate only partially. As with acids, bases can be either inorganic or organic. Typical reactions of bases include neutralization of acids, reaction with metals, and reaction with salts ... 

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