Chromatography reaction

Irreversible reaction of [18] iodine with acetylsalicylic acid, aethaverine, amidopyrine, ascorbic acid, benzo-caine, quinine, dihydrocodeine, fluorescein, glycine, hydrocortisone acetate, isoni-azid, metamizole, papaverine, paracetamol, phenacetin, phenol-phthalein, piperazine, resorcinol, salicylic acid, salicylamide, sulfaguanidine, thymol, triethanolamine, tris buffer detection by reaction chromatography... 

Radioisotopes, half-lives 49 Raffinose 158, 181 -184, 203, 204, 331 Rare earths cations 144 Ratanhia phenols 288 Rauwolfia alkaloids 314 Reaction chromatography 56 IT Reagents 144 IT... 

Another approach to continuous reaction chromatography is the countercurrent moving-bed chromatographic reactor (CMCR). In this type of reactor the stationary (solid) phase travels in the opposite direction to the liquid phase. In practice this is performed by introducing the stationary phase from the top of the reactor. The stationary phase flows downwards under the influence of gravity while the liquid phase is pumped upwards from the bottom. A schematic presentation of such a system is shown in Fig. 7. Depending on the adsorption characteristics of the different components, they can travel in the direction of the liquid or the solid phase resulting in their separation. 

Computer-aided experimentation in counter-current reaction chromatography and simulated countercurrent chromatography (with B.B. Fish and R.W. Carr). Chem. Eng. Sci. 43,1867-1873 (1988). 

D. Duebelbeis, S. Kapila, T. E. Clevenger and A. F. Yanders, Application of a two-dimensional reaction chromatography system for confirmatory analysis of Chlordane constituents in environmental samples. Chemosphere 20 1401-1408 (1990). 

Continuous chromatography in the packed annular space between the walls of two concentric cylinders can be done by rotating the assembly about its longitudinal axis (1, 2, 3). Rotation transforms the temporal separation that would be obtained under fixed, pulsed operation into a spatial separation that permits continuous operation. It has recently been shown that continuous reaction chromatography can be done in similar apparatus (4, Jj). This not only provides a means of carrying out chemical reaction and separation simultaneously in one unit, but for A B + C the product separation suppresses the rate of the back reaction and provides a means of enhancing the reaction yield. Yield enhancement in pulsed column chromatography has been demonstrated (6, 8). Yields of... 

Rather extensive studies have been devoted to the reaction chromatography of volatile hydroxides. They are characteristic for elements of groups six to eight and were experimentally detected for a TAE - seaborgium. Vahle, et al. [113,117] developed the corresponding equations for Mo and W they considered the process ... 

Carr, R. W. Continuous reaction chromatography, in Preparative and Production Scale Chromatography, Ganetsos, G., Barker, P. E. (Eds.), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1993. 

Duebelbeis DO, Pieczonka G, Kapila S, et al. 1989. Application of a dual column reaction chromatography system for confirmatory analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. Chemosphere 19 143-148. 

Pee, C.J., Size-exclusion reaction chromatography (SERC) A new technique for protein PEGylation, Biotechnology Bioengineering, 82(2), 200, 2003. 

Methods based on the same principle are employed in ultimate analysis for determining trace components in involatile compounds. For example, Juranek and Ambrova [104] applied reaction chromatography to the determination of carbon in the presence of sulphur in iron, its alloys and other materials by burning the sample in a flow of oxygen. The detection limit was 10" %. Methods for determining non-metals in metals were developed by Stuckey and Walker [105], Mungall and Johnson [106], Sukhorukov and Zhukhovitsky [107] and Sukhorukov and Ivanova [108]. 

As has already been mentioned, reaction chromatography is especially recommended for the analysis of reactive labile compounds. Hydrogen chloride in a mixture with acetylene and 1,1-dichloroethane [98] was determined from the carbon dioxide formed in a reaction between hydrogen chloride and sodium hydrogen carbonate [120]. 

Strychnos henningsii is a South African species and the isolation of diaboline and its derivatives therefrom established a direct chemical link between American and African species (see also p. 194). Diaboline and a diacetyl Wieland-Gumlich aldehyde have also been isolated from the bark of the South American species S. chlorantha Prog. (12). The latter was identified by color reactions, chromatography, and mass spectrum (molecular formula C23H26N2O4), but insufficient material was available for further work. 

---