Rb+ flux

The selective detection of intracellular 23Na+ by double-quantum filtered NMR was discussed in Section 4.4, and it has been shown that intracellular 87Rb+ in red cells can be selectively detected by this technique.72 87Rb NMR has recently been used to examine the cromakalim-induced Rb+ flux in cultivated smooth muscle cells.90... 

Unpublished data. Assays measured Rb flux and were performed as described in ref. 11. 

Anner, B.M. and Moosmayer, M., Na,K-ATPase characterized in artificial membranes. 2. Successive measurement of ATP-driven Rb-accumulation, ouabain-blocked Rb-flux and palytoxin-induced Rb-efflux, Mol. Membr. Biol. 11, 247, 1994. 

This approach was used by Elliott and co-workers to control the ionization of alkali atoms by one- and two-photon excitation. Wang and Elliott [72] measured the interference between outgoing electrons in different angular momentum states. They showed, for example, that the angular flux of the p2P and the d2D continua of Rb is determined by the phase difference... 

Fig. 2. Schematic configuration space for the reaction AB + CD — A + BCD. R is the radial coordinate between the center-of-mass of the two diatoms, and r is the vibrational coordinate of the reactive AB diatom. I denotes the interaction region and II denotes the asymptotic region. The shaded regions are the absorption zones for the time-dependent wavefunction to avoid boundary reflections. The reactive flux is evaluated at the r = rB surface.

Leip A, Lammel G (2004) Indicators for persistence and long-range transport potential as derived from multicompartment chemistrytransport modelling. Environ Poll 128 205-221 Lin SJ, Rood RB (1996) Multidimensional flux form semi-Lagrangian transport. Mon Wea Rev 124 2046-2068... 

Wakeham SG, Farrington JW, Gagosian RB, Lee C, DeBaar H, Nigrelli GE, Tripp BW, Smith SO, Frew NM (1980) Organic-matter fluxes from sediment traps in the equatorial Atlantic-Ocean. Nature 286 798-800... 

Figure 6. Log N - Log S distribution for close-by cooling INSs. Black symbols are plotted if the dimmest source at specified flux is one of the Magnificent seven . Otherwise we plot an opaque symbol (see the list of sources in Table 1). Two lines represent results of calculation. Dotted line - only stars from the galactic disc contribute to the Log N - Log S distribution. Solid line - contribution of the Gould Belt is added. RBS and BSC are two observational limits, obtained from the ROSAT data (RBS Schwope et al. 1999 BSC Rutledge et al. 2003). From Popov et al. (2003a).

K,Rb,Cs) SmGeSe4 and similar compounds have been prepared using K2Se2, Rb2Se3, Cs2Se2 fluxes. These were prepared from the stoichiometric combination of the elements in liquid ammonia (Martin and Dorhout 2004). 

Rb, and 865, The actinides and most of the other isotopes were made at the High Flux Research Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The i3 +Cs, Rb, and isotopes were ob-... 

AC/ is known as the overpotential in the electrode kinetics of electrochemistry. Let us summarize the essence of this modeling. If we know the applied driving forces, the mobilities of the SE s in the various sublattices, and the defect relaxation times, we can derive the fluxes of the building elements across the interfaces. We see that the interface resistivity Rb - AC//(F-y0) stems, in essence, from the relaxation processes of the SE s (point defects). Rb depends on the relaxation time rR of the (chemical) processes that occur when building elements are driven across the boundary. In accordance with Eqn. (10.33), the flux j0 can be understood as the integral of the relaxation (recombination, production) rate /)(/)), taken over the width fR. 

The ATPase has an absolute requirement for Mg2+ which is essential for the breakdown of the phosphorylated intermediate. There is evidence for at least three forms of the phosphoenzyme, only the last of which is sensitive to Mg2+.144 Monovalent cations are effective as activators in the sequence K+ Tl+ > Na+ > NH4+ > Rb+ Cs4 > Li1, again through the promotion of the loss of phosphate from the phosphorylated intermediate.145 It has been postulated that K+ may be involved in antiport with Ca2+ to maintain charge balance, but it is currently thought that this involves protons or a flux of anions. 

It can easily be seen that the total yield of partial chemical reactions (2.182) and (2.19]) is zero. This is caused by the presence of the third, low-mobile component (iodine anions I ). Because of their presence, rubidium and silver cations are unable to move in the lattices of the growing Rb 2AgI3 and RbAg4J5 compounds independently of each other. The fluxes of these cations should necessarily be balanced since partial chemical reactions (2.18]) and (2.192) are mutually dependent. In this respect, the system under consideration and other similar systems differ from binary ones in which all four partial chemical reactions taking place at layer interfaces are independent of each other unless any diffusional constraints arise (see the next chapter). 

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