Raise effective flux

Raise Effective Flux If AP is due to loss of pores or active surface due to plugging or coverage, the effective flux will have to increase for a fixed permeate rate, because... 

If the system is badly fouled, m - 0, and increasing or decreasing flow at constant pressure has httle effect on flux. However, raising the pressure may raise flux. For an unfouled system in laminar flow 0.33 [Pg.2041]

Metabolic control analysis predicts that flux toward a desired product is most effectively increased by raising the concentration of all enzymes in the pathway. 

The movement of the combustion zone with time is shown in Figure 6 for a number of feed ratio programs with turndown to 50% throughput. A sudden increase of the fixed carbon-to-oxygen ratio to the new steady-state value will lower the combustion zone a little initially, and then raise it to the final steady state. Compared with other programs, a sudden increase of the feed flux ratio of CA is an effective way to turn down a gasifier. 

Shown in Figure 6.4 are the effects of the process stream temperature (35 to 50X) on the permeate flux at a crossflow velocity of 3 m/s and a TMP of 5 bars for a feed pH of 4.40 [Attia et al., 1991b]. The steady state flux increases from 20 to 130 L7hr-m as the temperature increases from 35 to 50 C. Correspondingly, the protein retention rate decreases from 98.6 to 95.6 %. This increase in the flux and decrease in the protein retention may be explained by the reduced viscosity, increased diffusion coefficients and increased solubility of the constituents in the membrane and solution as a result of raising the temperature. 

Some results with a 0.2 pm alumina membrane pilot plant containing 29 membrane tubes indicate that increasing the ferric ion concentration from 0.04 to 0.1 gA- effectively raises the steady state permeate flux from 125 to 210 L/hr-m and prolongs the time for the flux decline to reach the steady state from about 6 hours to more than 20 hours, as shown in Figure 6.20 [Gumming and Turner, 1988). Decreasing the ferric concentration... 

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