Radiofrequency interference

In addition to glass fibers, PBT can also be reinforced with carbon fibers. Many of the general trends seen with glass fibers are also observed with carbon fibers. One important aspect of carbon fibers is that they may bring electrical conductivity to PBT if sufficient fiber connectivity is achieved in the final part. Metal fibers and metal-coated carbon fibers have also been compounded with PBT, giving not only improved mechanical properties but also molded parts with enhanced ability to shield components from electromotive and radiofrequency interference (EMI-RFI) [33],... 

Noise can be divided into three categories (1) radiofrequency interference, microphonics, unstable main power lines and other disturbances in the environment (2) oscillator source noise, both AM and FM (3) the overall receiver noise figure. In well-designed spectrometer systems, the third category is always the limiting noise source. 

II. ICP/SPD The noise of the ICP/SPD detection system is practically independent of the plasma background level, i.e., it is radiofrequency interference noise, or more generally readout noise, limited. Therefore, because the net analyte signals drop with wavelengths, Figure 17, so do also the S/N values, and the detection limit values are raised. As previously discussed, a nearly linear improvement in detection limit can be achieved with an increase in integration time (See Table IV). 

Extreme environmental conditions (to take into account temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference, radiofrequency interference, etc.) [4]... 

Disadvantage Precise engineering and grounding are necessary More expensive, and more power and space needed More expensive, and more space needed Radiofrequency interference... 

The specific frequency range within the total electromagnetic spectrum in which electromagnetic interference is a potential problem is about 50-60 Hz (typical of a stereo system) to about lO to 10 Hz (typical of radar transmission). The most common disturbance, however, occurs in the 10" Hz range which is used for communications, radio, television, etc., and historically this radiation is known as radiofrequency interference (RFI) (Figure 12.30). 

Electromagnetic and Radiofrequency Shielding. Because bismuth is highly diamagnetic, its ahoys are quite useful in appHcations where electronic equipment must be protected from outside interference or where equipment can cause outside interference. 

RFIIEMI (Radiofrequency and electromagnetic interference) which regulatory agency specifications the product must meet. 

The transverse magnetization and the applied radiofrequency field will therefore periodically come in phase with one another, and then go out of phase. This causes a continuous variation of the magnetic field, which induces an alternating current in the receiver. Furthermore, the intensity of the signals does not remain constant but diminishes due to T and T2 relaxation effects. The detector therefore records both the exponential decay of the signal with time and the interference effects as the magnetization vectors and the applied radiofrequency alternately dephase and re-... 

Czarnik AW, No static at all using radiofrequency memory tubes without (human) interference, Abstract at The Association for Laboratory Automation Labautomation 97 Conference, 1997 January 18-22, San Diego. URL http / wwwIabautomation.org. 

Figure 4.11 [126]. The experimental techniques are similar to those described in Section III. The alkali resonance doublet emitted by a radiofrequency lamp is separated with a spectral purity of one part in 108 by a grating monochromator in series with an interference filter or filters. The monochromatic beam is then split into two parts One is condensed into a fluorescence cell...

Comparison of triple-quadrapole and Q-TOF use in these type of studies was reported [22]. While similar sensitivity can be achieved, the selectivity of the Q-TOF is better due to its high resolving power, thereby minimizing isobaric interferences. Bateman et al. [23] reported a novel mode of operation of a (J-TOF instrument for precursor-ion analysis of phosphoproteins. The first-stage quadrapole is operated in radiofrequency-only mode, serving as a wide-band ion-transmission... 

The simplest superconducting flux qubit is a superconducting loop interrupted by one Josephson junction (radiofrequency rf-SQUID - SQUID is an acronym for superconducting quantum interference device). The potential energy of such a devices is described by the equation ... 

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