Radiocontrast medium

HHMC can also be directly activated by agents injected intravenously for therapeutic (general anesthetics, protamine, etc.) or diagnostic purposes (radiocontrast media, etc.), which can cause non-IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions in vitro [24,... 

Drugs (radiocontrast media, drugs used in general anesthesia, codeine morphine, dextromethorphan, aspirin, and other analgesics)... 

Note not all patients with mastocytosis have reactions provoked by all factors. For example, many patients with mastocytosis tolerate radiocontrast media, anesthesia, morphine, dextrometorphan, aspirin, and other analgesics. When in question, patients should undergo graded challenges to determine sensitivity. 

Radiocontrast media (RCM) are highly concentrated solutions of triiodinated benzene derivatives used for performing diagnosis and treatment of vascular disease and enhancement of radiographic contrast [1,2]. However, adverse reactions after RCM administration are common [3]. The frequency and mechanisms of hypersensitivity reactions differ between monomeric and dimeric as well as between ionic and non-ionic types of RCM. Mild immediate reactions have been reported to occur in 3.8-12.7% of patients receiving ionic monomeric RCM and in 0.7-3.1% of patients receiving non-ionic RCM [4-6]. Severe immediate adverse reactions to ionic RCM have been reported in 0.1-0.4% of intravenous procedures, while reactions to nonionic iodinated RCM are less frequent (0.02-0.04%) [4-7]. Fatal hypersensitivity... 

Vernassiere C, Trechot P. Commun N. et al Low negative predictive value of skin tests in investigating delayed reactions to radiocontrast media. Contact Dermatitis 2004 50 359-366. 

Arnold AW, Hausermann P, Bach S, Bircher AJ Recurrent flexural exanthema (SDRIFE or baboon syndrome) after administration of two different iodinated radiocontrast media. Dermatology 2007 214 89-93. Laroche D Immediate reactions to contrast media mediator release and value of diagnostic testing. Toxicology 2005 209 193-194. 

Greenberger PA, Patterson R The prevention of immediate generalized reactions to radiocontrast media in high-risk patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991 87 867-872. 

Contrary to other elicitors of non-immune anaphylactic reactions (radiocontrast media, neuromuscular blocking agents, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)) where there are at least hypothetical concepts regarding the pathomecha-nism of these reactions via increased mediator release (e.g. histamine release, shift in arachidonic acid metabolism from prostaglandins towards leukotrienes, etc.) [26], there is almost no literature regarding the pathomechanism of these reactions after LA application. 

Drugs (amiodarone, radiocontrast media, lithium, a-interferon) Silent thyroiditis (including postpartum)... 

Radiocontrast media may cause serious immediate pseudoallergic reactions such as urticaria/angioedema, bronchospasm, shock, and death. These reactions have been reduced with the introduction of non-ionic, lower-osmolality products. 

Radio contrast media may cause serious immediate pseudo allergic reactions such as urticaria/angioedema, bron-chospasm, shock, and death. These reactions have been reduced with the introduction of non-ionic, lower-osmolality products. Because a small percentage of patients who have reacted previously to radiocontrast media will react if re-exposed, several steps should be taken to prevent reactions, including ... 

Delayed reactions with radiocontrast media occur in 1% to 3% of patients.21 Although reactions occasionally are severe, most are mild and manifest as maculopapular rashes, fixed eruptions, erythema multiforme, and urticarial eruptions. 

Isolated renal hypoperfusion Bilateral renal artery stenosis (unilateral renal artery stenosis in solitary kidney) Emboli Cholesterol Thrombotic Medications Cyclosporine Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs Radiocontrast media... 

Narcotic analgesics Ethylenediamine lodinated-radiocontrast media Platinum... 

Drugs, particularly organic bases, may release histamine from mast cells by physically displacing the amine from its storage sites. Morphine, codeine, d-tubocu-rarine, guanethidine, and radiocontrast media can release histamine from mast cells. Basic polypeptides, such as bradykinin, neurotensin, substance P, somatostatin, polymyxin B, and the anaphylatoxins resulting from complement activation, also stimulate histamine release. Venoms often contain basic polypeptides as well as the histamine-releasing enzyme phospholipase A. 

Unlabeled Uses Asthma, chemotherapy-induced stomatitis, dermographia, familial immunodeficiency disease, malaria, mastocytosis, Meniere s disease, nausea, neuro-cysticercosis, otitis media, psoriasis, radiocontrast media reactions, urticaria... 

Unlabeled Uses Obesity, propofol-induced pain, radiocontrast media reactions... 

Many radiocontrast media contain iodine. These include iodixonal, iohexol, iomeprole, iopamidole, iopanoic acid, iopitridole, iopromide, iothalamate, iotrolan, ioversol, and ioxaglate. 

Radiocontrast media can induce acute renal insufficiency in patients taking metformin (139,140). Metformin should be withdrawn 2 days before an iodinated contrast medium is given (SEDA-21, 445) and the following protocol has been suggested (141) ... 

Liss R Carlsson PO, Nygren A, et al. Et-A receptor antagonist BQ123 prevents radiocontrast media-induced renal medullary hypoxia. Acta Radiol 2003 44 1 I I-I 17. 

Iliopoulou A, Giannakopoulos G, Goutou P, Pagou H, Stamatelopoulos S. Visual hallucinations due to radiocontrast media. Report of two cases and review of the literature. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999 47(2) 226-7. 

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory dmgs Radiocontrast media Hypercalcemia Hepatorenal syndrome Vasculitis... 

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