Radioactivity environment, recovery

According to the vendor, a key advantage of the SpinTek system is that the membranes are less likely to foul compared to static membrane systems. This feature results in less downtime for the system. The system also allows continuous operation during changes in influent waste stream characteristics, eliminating downtime for flux recovery. In addition, SpinTek requires a relatively small area for operations. The vendor states that the system is ideal for operation in hostile environments, including high temperature, pH, radioactive waste, chemical solutions, and solvent solutions. 

Recovery of technetium, present as pertechnetate in aqueous acidic solution, is of utmost importance because of its long half-life of 2.13 x 105 years and its relative mobility in the environment. The close relation between TCO4 and the isoelectronic perrhenate Re04 makes the latter a widely used model for artificially produced technetium, which only possesses radioactive isotopes. 

The PFR fuel reprocessing plant proved the technical feasibility of oxide fuel reprocessing via a Purex-cycle, with recovery of over 99.5% of the plutonium. This high recovery was also reflected in the low amounts of plutonium in the liquid and solid waste streams from the plant. The amount of radioactivity discharged to the environment was always about an order of magnitude less than the licensed limits. The plant is subject to IAEA and Euratom safeguards. 

Hydrothermal method has been proven to be an effective method for the treatment of hazardous waste and resource recovery [12,16-24], It is reported that hydro-reaction can be applied to degradate brominated waste [25-28], waste liquid crystal, polarizing film, radioactive-ion exchange resins, and other hazardous waste [12, 16, 29-31] into innoxious substance. In addition, good seal environment can avert secondary pollution during operation process. 

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