Radio-frequency drying

Mermelstein, N.H., Microwave and radio frequency drying, Food Technology, 52 (11) (1998) 84-86. 

Uniform Field Distributions in the Radio Frequency Drying of Paper, Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. (1974) 52,132-135. 

Dostie, M. and Navarri, P. 1994. Preliminary study on drying rate effects in radio frequency drying. In Drying 94, Proceedings of the IDS 94 (V. Rudolph and R.B. Keey, Eds.), University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp. 607-614. 

Dostie M, Navarri P. Preliminary study on drying rate effects in radio frequency drying. In Rudolph V, Keey RB eds. Drying 94, Proc. 9 . Inti. Drying Symposium (IDS 94), Gold Coast, Australia, 1994, pp 607-614. 

Thomas WJ. RF Drying Provides Process Savings New systems optimise radio frequency drying for the ceramic and glass fibre industries. Ceramic Industry Magazine April 30-34, 1996. 

Jumah, R., Modelling and simulation of continuous and intermittent radio frequency-assisted fluidized bed drying of grains. Food Bioprod. Proc., 83 (2005) 203-210. 

Radio frequency -gas plasma processing [PLASMA TECHNOLOGY] (Vol 19) -for plasma formation [PLASMA TECHNOLOGY] (Voi 19) -use m drying [DRYING] (Vol 8) -use m vapor deposition [ELECTRONIC MATERIALS] (Vol 9)... 

Moisture analyzers include a large variety of designs listed here. The list includes their inaccuracies (1) electrolytic hygrometer (2-5% FS), (2) capacitance (3% FS), (3) impedance (3% FS), (4) piezoelectric (10% AR or 2 ppm by volume), (5) heat of adsorption, (6) infrared (0.5-1% FS), (7) microwave (for a 1-15% moisture range, error is within 0.5%, less if corrected for density), (8) Karl Fischer titrator (0.5-1% FS), (9) drying oven (0.5-1% FS), (10) dipole, (11) cavity ring down, (12) fast neutron (0.2% in solid s density corrected), and (13) radio-frequency absorption (5 ppm). 

Additional background information on the drying can be obtained by studying the publications by P. L. Jones, J. Lawton, and I. M. Parker (13) and J. Lawton (14). They analyzed results from drying paper by both radio and microwave frequencies using laboratory-scale apparatus and conclude that the 27-MHz radio frequency provides a greater mois-... 

An ink must be transformed to a solid from its liquid supply form once on the substrate. This change of state is referred to as an ink drying, and can be physical (absorption or evaporation) or chemical (oxidative or photochemical radiation induced). There are several forms of radiation used to dry ink, including UV, infrared, EB, microwave, and radio frequency. 

Hydration of biopolymers is a mechanism for stabilizing these materials (Fig. 2.78). When proteins are conpletely dry, they tend to decompose. One way of evaluating hydration in polyions is to measure the dielectric constant of a solution containing a dissolved protein as a function of concentration at radio frequency. The dielectric constant falls with increase in concentration and the water per polyion can be calculated by assuming that water bound to the protein no longer makes any contribution to the dielectric constant. Thus, Buchanan calculated the irrotationally bound water from such expaiments. Some of this water is hidden in cavities within the structure of the protein molecule. 

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