Radiation, electromagnetic nuclear

Gamma Ray, Penetrating—Short wavelength electromagnetic radiation of nuclear origin. 

Perturbation. The sample is now irradiated with a pulse of plane-polarised rf radiation at the Larmor frequency. Plane polarised electromagnetic radiation consists of electric and magnetic fields oscillating in fixed planes perpendicular to each other and to the direction of the radiation. The nuclear spin packets which are already in thermal... 

Cherenkov radiation Electromagnetic radiation resulting from charged particles traveling in a medium faster than light can travel in the same medium. The deceleration of the particle produces this radiation, which is sometimes seen as the characteristic blue glow at a nuclear reactor. 

Gamma radiation Electromagnetic radiation emitted from an atom undergoing nuclear decay. 

Radiations from nuclear source/electromagnetic source Noise and vibration Material mismatch Reactions Exothermic/endothermic Corrosive and toxic material exposure Loss of containment for liquids and gases Fire and explosion Biological... 

The frequency of the electromagnetic radiation that can be absorbed by the nuclear system is easily calculated by equating the energy of a photon and the energy level separation ... 

Nuclear fission is a process in which a heavy nucleus—usually one with a nucleon number of two hundred or more—separates into two nuclei. Usually the division liberates neutrons and electromagnetic radiation and releases a substantial amount of energy. The discoveiyi of nuclear fission is credited to Otto I lahn and Fritz Strassman. In the process of bombarding uranium with neutrons in the late 1930s, they detected several nuclear products of significantly smaller mass than uranium, one of which was identified as Ba. The theorectical underpinnings that exist to this day for nuclear fission were proposed by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch. Shortly after Hahn and Strassman s discovery. 

If the oriented nuclei are now irradiated with electromagnetic radiation of the proper frequency, energy absorption occurs and the lower-energy state "spin-flips" to the higher-energy state. When this spin-flip occurs, the magnetic nuclei are said to be in resonance with the applied radiation—hence the name nuclear magnetic resonance. 

Nuclear activation analysis (NAA) is a method for qualitatively and quantitatively detg elemental compn by means of nuclear transmutations. The method involves the irradiation or bombardment of samples with nuclear particles or high-energy electromagnetic radiation for the specific purpose of creating radioactive isotopes from the stable or naturally-occurring elements present. From the numbers, types and quantities of radioactive elements or radionuclides, it is possible to deduce information about the elemental compn of the original sample... 

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