Quercetin 3 0 galactoside

In addition to the induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis, chilling stress has also been shown to promote the formation of colorless flavonoids. Cold treatments (and drought stress) caused increases in levels of (—)-epicatechin and hyperoside (quercetin 3-galactoside) in two species of hawthorn, Crataegus laevigata and C. monogyna. Such treatments also enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the shoot extracts, and this may be the primary function of these cold-inducible flavonoids. 

Rumex acetosella L. R. aquaticus L. China Vitexin, quercetin-3-galactoside, violaxanthin, vitamin C, emodin, chrysophanein, chrysophanol, nepodin, hyperin, physcion.48-50 Homeopathically for cramps, hemorrhage, sore throat, esophagitis, diuretic, treat blood vomiting. 

The bioavailibility of quercetin-glycosides from onions, containing mainly quercetin-p-glucosides, was superior to that of various quercetin glycosides from apples (containing a mixture of quercetin-(3-galactosides and P-xylosides) and of pure quercetin-3-mtinoside (major species in tea). The possible matrix effect of the foods remains unclear. 

Previous investigations on bark, flowers and leaves of Fraxinus ornus have shown the presence of the hydroxycoumarins esculin (1), esculetin (2), fraxin (3 ), fraxetin (4), cichoriin (5) and of some phenolic acids [3-6]. The isolation of the flavonoids rutin, quercetin, quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-galactoside, quercetin-3,7-digalactoside and rhamnetin from leaves and flowers has also been reported [7-9]. 

Several quercetin glycosides have been reported in apple peel, the principal one being quercetin 3-galactoside, although the 3-arabinoside, the 3-rhamnoside, the 3-xyloside, the 3-rutinoside and the 3-glucoside of quercetin have also been reported. Those flavonoids are present in the peel at concentrations between 1540 and 2851 mg/kg fw. [16]. 

Phytochemistry The plant contains a large amount of latex, which contains 1.5 % caoutchouc, resins, and euphorbin (Pavlov 1947). The plant contains triterpenes and polyphenols (quercetin-3-galactoside, kaempferol, gallic acid, etc. Azimov and Nazirov 1969,1970 Abdulladzhanova et al. 2003). 

Phosphoric add 4>oc4>opHaa icHCJioTa Quercetin-3-galactoside KBeppeiHH-3-rajiaKT03Hfl ... 

Figure 7.10 Separation of a standard mixture of 13 phenolic compounds by automated multiple development by use of a 20-step universal gradient composed of acetonitrile, methylene chloride, and hexane. The drying time was 4 min, and the gas phase for conditioning the plate between runs was prepared from 10% aqueous formic acid. The phenols were (1) rutin, (2) kaempf-erol-3-rutinoside, (3) quercetin-3-arabinoside, (4) quercetin-3-galactoside, (5) chlorogenic acid, (6) myricetin, (7) caffeic acid, (8) quercetin, (9) apigenin, (10) ferulic acid, (11) acacetin, (12) flavon, (13) coumarin. [Reprinted from Lodi et al. (1991) with permission of Alfred Huethig Verlag GmbH.]...

Indian podophyllum extracts and their quercetin 3-galactoside have antioxidant ra-... 

---