Quantitative treatment, interfacial processes

In volume 1 (Chapters 4 and 5) a fairly detailed treatment of the movement and transport of ions was presented qualitative pictures and quantitative accounts were given of the diffusion and electrical migration of ions in the bulk of the electrolyte. In the treatment of electrodic processes, no mention was made at first of a connection between the transport in solution and processes at electrodes. It was then realized that this neglect of ion transport in solution (ionics) was tantamount to assuming that at no stage in the course of a charge-transfer reaction did the interfacial concentrations of electron acceptors and donors depart from their bulk values. 

Adhesion is an interfacial phenomenon that occurs at the interfaces of adherends and adhesives. This is the fact underlying the macroscopic process of joining parts using adhesives. An understanding of the forces that develop at the interfaces is helpful in the selection of the right adhesive, proper surface treatment of adherends, and effective and economical processes to form bonds. This chapter is devoted to the discussion of the thermodynamic principles and the work of adhesion that quantitatively characterize the surfaces of materials. Laboratory techniques for surface characterization have been described which allow an understanding of the chemical and physical properties of material surfaces. 

Thus, the proposed in the present work stmetnral (fractal) treatment explains quantitatively the coke lesidne formation process at eomposites HDPE/Al(OH)3 combustion. The antipyrene (in the considered case - Al(OH)3) decomposition is realized in the surface (interfacial) layers of fractal aggregates, formed by Al(OH)j particles in their aggregation process. This process in the given case is due to the indicated layers friable structure that allows an easy access to them the air, necessary for decomposition. 

The occurrence of one or the other of these processes will depend on a delicate balance between the tensile properties of the adhesive and the interfacial parameter, Despite the fact that the level of stress and the maximum extension that these fibrils will achieve often controls the amount of work necessary to debond the adhesive (the external work done during this process can sometimes represent up to 80% of the practical debonding energy), no quantitative analytical treatment of this extension and fracture process exists for such highly non-linear materials. Numerical methods have, however, been successful in predicting at least the extensional behavior if not the point of fracture [29,30]. 

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