Quantification image analysis

For other quantification, specialized graticules are available, including point counting, grids, concentric circles, and special scales. The latest methods of quantification involve automatic image analysis. 

Pugnaloni, L.A., Matia-Merino, L., Dickinson, E. (2005). Microstructure of acid-induced caseinate gels containing sucrose quantification from confocal microscopy and image analysis. Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces, 42, 211-217. 

Biesterfeld, S., Striepecke, E., and Bocking, A. 1995. Single-cell-based quantification of the proliferation fraction by image analysis. Virchows Arch. 427 339-341. 

Lehr, H. A., Mankoff, D. A., Corwin, D., Santeusanio, G., and Gown, A. M. 1997. Application of photoshop-based image analysis to quantification of hormone receptor expression in breast cancer. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 45 1559-1565. 

Novaro, P., Colucci, F., Venora, G., and D Egidio, M.G. 2001. Image analysis of whole grains A non-invasive method to predict semolina yield in durum wheat. Cereal Chem. 78(3), 217-221. Odgaard, A. 1997. Three-dimensional methods for quantification of cancellous bone architecture. Bone 20, 315-328. 

Newman, K. D., Nguyen, N. and Dichek, D. A. (1991). Quantification of vascular graft seeding by use of computer-assisted image-analysis and genetically modified endothelial-cells. J. Vase. Surg. 14(2), 140-146. 

Plasier B, Lloyd DR, Paul GC, Thomas CR, Al-Rubeai M (1999), Automatic image analysis for quantification of apoptosis in animal cell culture by annexin-V affinity assay, J. Immunol. Methods 229 81-95. 

Schatz, H., Kligman, A.M., Manning, S., and Stoudemayer, T. Quantification of dry (xerotic) skin by image analysis of scales removed by adhesive discs (D-Squames ). J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 44, 53-63... 

Properties such as cell volume, morphology or cell size are nowadays determined using flow cytometers or image analysis, e.g. [35,95,181,440], or by in situ microscopy, e.g. [422]. Biomass quantification by image analysis is treated extensively by Pons and Vivier in this volume. 

Image analysis, as applied to microorganisms or to inert particles such as crystals [10] consists in a series of steps which are relatively independent of the kind of objects considered (Fig. 1). In this chapter the basics of visualization as applied to microorganisms will be presented first. The general procedure of image treatment illustrated by bioapplications will follow. Finally, quantification of size and physiology, motility and visual texture will be discussed. 

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