Pure organic glass-forming materials

A new potential area for exploitation of SHG is pure organic glass-forming materials. A preliminary report of the first example in this class has recently appeared from IBM laboratories. (32) Two initial examples were given. 

The carbonization of pure organic compounds such as carbazole, phenazine, acridine (for formulas, see Figure 7.2) has also been studied under 7.5 Mbar argon pressure [23], Volatile compounds such as benzene, pyridine, pyrazine, quinoline, and phenazine have been calcined at 1073 K in sealed quartz glass tubes [24], Bent carbon nanotubes and coils with a nitrogen content of about 1% were formed when pyridine, 5-methylpyrimidine, or i-triazine (see Figure 7.2) were decomposed on small catalytic cobalt particles at 1123 or 1373 K [25], Carbon nanotubes with about 2% N were produced in excellent yield and free of other carbon materials by pyrolysis of pyridine vapor at 1373 K in an argon stream with admixed iron pentacarbonyl, [Fe(CO)s] [26], In another study, pyrrole vapor has been catalytically decomposed on nickel sheets at 1073 K [27],... 

As with organic solvents, proteins are not soluble in most of the ionic liquids when they are used as pure solvent. As a result, the enzyme is either applied in immobilized form, coupled to a support, or as a suspension in its native form. For production processes, the majority of enzymes are used as immobilized catalysts in order to facilitate handling and to improve their operational stability [24—26]. As support, either inorganic materials such as porous glass or different organic polymers are used [27]. These heterogeneous catalyst particles are subject to internal and external... 

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