Purchasing title only

Prior to the publication of ISO 9000, several nations had developed national quality system standards, with many used only in the procurement of military equipment. With the emergence of the NATO Quality Control System standards in 1973, the Quality Panel of the UK Society of Motor Manufacturers set out to develop an equivalent standard for non-military applications. The result was BS 4891, which was published in 1972. In 1974 this was followed by BS 5179 with the title Operation and Evaluation of Quality Assurance Systems. However, BS 5179 was intended only as a guide and it was not until 1979, with the publication of BS 5750, that major purchasers in the UK had a standard that could be invoked in contracts. A certification scheme was eventually established in 1983, following the UK government s white paper on competitiveness ... 

American and Hispanic communities receive a substantially greater share of the benefits associated with SOj abatement under Title IV than they do of the costs (higher benefits for the African-American community, lower costs for the Hispanic community). The poor do have a slightly higher share of costs than benefits, the only (weak) evidence supporting any environmental justice concerns, but this result assumes that the poor purchase the same amount of electricity as the rich. 

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