Pulsed-field-gradient gel

Schwartz, D. C., and C. R. Cantor, Separation of yeast chromosome-sized DNAs by pulsed field gradient gel electrophoresis. Cell 37 67-75, 1984. 

DMF Dimethylformamide PFGGE Pulsed field gradient gel electrophoresis... 

Biological Applications of Pulsed Field Gradient Gel Electrophoresis... 

To verify correct jumps, jumping end points should be checked by hybridization with somatic cell hybrid panels or pulsed field gradient gel analysis. PPG results have to be interpreted with care, since jumps to very partially cleaved sites internal to well visible fragments, as well as jumps beyond well cleaved sites, have been observed (9). If the source of the DNA used in library construction differs from the DNA used in analysis, the possibility of site or methylation polymorphisms has to be considered in the analysis. 

Advances in experimental techniques, including pulsed-field gradient NMR, and theoretical methods, including volume averaging, macrotransport, and variational methods, that may lead to the resolution of a number of the fundamental issues in gel electrophoresis and to improvements in the practical application of electrotransport in polymeric media... 

Johnson et al. [186] measured diffusion of fluorescein-labeled macromolecules in agarose gels. Their data agreed well with Eq. (85), which combined the hydrodynamic effects with the steric hindrance factors. Gibbs and Johnson [131] measured diffusion of proteins and smaller molecules in polyacrylamide gels using pulsed-field gradient NMR methods and found their data to fit the stretched exponential form... 

Brown, W Stilbs, P Lindstrom, T, Self-Diffusion of Small Molecules in Cellulose Gels using FT-Pulsed Field Gradient NMR, Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29, 823,1984. Brownstein, KR Tarr, CE, Importance of Classical Diffusion in NMR Studies of Water in Biological Cells, Physical Review A 19, 2446, 1979. 

Gibbs, SJ Johnson, CS, Pulsed Field Gradient NMR Study of Probe Motion in Polyacrylamide Gels, Macromolecules 24, 6110, 1991. 

Hadden, DA, Master of Science Thesis, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 1999. Hadden, D Rill, RL McFadden, L Locke, BR, Oligonucleotide and Water Self-Diffusion in Pluronic Triblock Copolymer Gels and Solutions by Pulsed Field Gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Macromolecules 33, 4235, 2000. 

SJ Gibbs, EN Lightfoot, TW Root. Protein diffusion in porous gel filtration chromatography media studied by pulsed field gradient NMR spectroscopy. J Phys Chem 96 7458-7462, 1992. 

Diffusion coefficients of nucleic acids in solutions and gels have been accurately measured with the development of advanced laboratory techniques, such as pulsed field-gradient NMR and FRAP (Lapham et al., 1997 Pluen et al., 1999 Politz et al., 1998). These data may provide some semi-quantitative information applicable to interstitial transport of nucleic acids in tumor tissues. 

Gao, P. and Fagerness, P., Diffusion in HPMC gels. I. Determination of drug and water diffusivity by pulsed-field-gradient spin-echo NMR, Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 12, No. 7, 1995, pp. 955-964. 

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