Pulmonary perfusion

Pulmonary perfusion rate Volumetric flow rate within the pulmonary veins. 

The rate of pulmonary perfusion (in healthy individuals, essentially equivalent to the cardiac output) also affects the rate of induction of anesthesia. Since more blood will pass through the pulmonary capillary bed when the cardiac output is high, it follows that a greater total transfer of any anesthetic agent across the alveolus will... 

Figure 2. Deconvoluted time-activity curve of right lung of patient in Figure 1. Secondary curves are least squares fits from which the Qp Qs values are derived. Region A - normal pulmonary perfusion. Region - early recirculation due to left-to-right shunt.

This is the first case in which epoprostenol has been successfully restarted. The authors commented that pulmonary edema during acute infusion of epoprostenol is considered a contraindication to its further use. They theorized that the pulmonary edema could have occurred secondary to the dramatic increase in pulmonary perfusion at 6 nanograms/kg/minute of epoprostenol and subsequent rapid shifts in vascular hydrostatic pressure. The slow increase in dosage during reinstitution may have averted the dramatic increase in pulmonary perfusion. 

Implantation of a TIPS has brought about a clear improvement in cases of hypoxaemia, probably due to a decrease in endotoxinaemia and the resulting reduction in the formation of nitric oxide. There was a rise in pulmonary perfusion together with a marked decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance. Consequently, placement of a TIPS would serve to bridge the period of time until a liver transplantation can be carried out. (4,31,39,47)... 

Musch G, Layfield JD, Hams RS, Melo MF, Winkler T, Callahan RJ, et al. Topographical distribution of pulmonary perfusion and ventilation, assessed hy PET in supine and prone humans. J Appl Physiol 2002 93(5) 1841 — 1851. 

Lxmg parameters (pulmonary and alveolar ventilation, pulmonary perfusion, air-blood coefficient, blood-tissue coefficient). These coefficients describe the amount of solvents which can diffiise. The blood-tissue partition coefficient influences the tissue equilibrium concentrations. Solvents with stronger hydrophobic properties (e.g., toluene) reach equihbrium more rapidly because of a low tissue-blood coefficient. Intraindividual differences such as child/adult are also of significance. 

In the measurement of pulmonary perfusion, Ga-labeled albumin microspheres have been used extensively [79]. Pulmonary perfusion involves vascular injection of labeled microspheres sized such that they will be mechanically trapped by the first capillary bed they encounter [80]. Previously, a commercial albumin microsphere kit (3M Instant Microspheres) was used in the preparation of Ga microspheres however, this product has been discontinued. Methods were developed to radiolabel macroaggregated human serum albumin (HSA) with Ga using a lyophilized Technescan MAA kit (Mallinckrodt Inc.) [25,33]. 

This approach can be used to extract further clinically relevant information from CT scans acquired at normal dose levels. For example, it is possible to identify iodine in liver or kidney tissue and to display the contrast enhancement either by colorcoding it in the CT image or by subtracting it to obtain virtual unenhanced images. This also works in lung tissue for the evaluation of pulmonary perfusion. Also, bones can be eliminated from angiography datasets by the spectral properties of calcium so that the evaluation of vessels becomes easier and faster in a maximum intensity projection. Applications without contrast material include the differentiation of kidney stones and the depiction of tendons and ligaments. 

K. P., Brasch R.C., 1992, Magnetic resonance imaging detection of an experimental pulmonary perfusion deficit using a macromolecular contrast agent. Invest. Radiol. 27, 346-351. 

PPMV can also affect cardiovascular function (20,51,52) by decreasing right ventricular filling, cardiac output, and pulmonary perfusion. This complication is the rationale for using volume repletion to maintain cardiac output in the setting of high intrathoracic... 

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