Psychological disorders, work-related

The psychological and physiological limitations and capabilities constitute the ergonomics or human factors. It is the most important part of the occupational safety and health program. This is to evaluate personnel capabilities and improve human safety, comfort, and productivity in the workplace. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) are the results of ergonomics and limitations of the human body to a sudden change or continuous working on a physical job, especially where most of the jobs are carried out manually. 

I. Work-related psychological disorders include a heterogeneous mix of diagnoses. Of these, post-traumatic stress disorder and mass psychogenic... 

Psychological disorders related to working conditions include sleep disturbances, mood disturbances, reduced motivation to work or recreate, somatic and psychosomatic compleiints, neuroses, psychoses, and dysfunctional coping behavior. The effects of stress on an individual are influenced by the nature of the exposures and the individual s physical and psychological characteristics and coping behaviors that may accentuate or mitigate the exposure. 

Corporations tend to see stress as an individual problem due to an employee s lifestyle, psychological makeup, and personality. Workers view stress as result of excessive demands, poor supervision, or conflicting demands. However it is viewed, stress is a serious problem in the modem workplace. Stress-related medical bills and absentee rates cost employers about 150 billion annually (Smith, S.L. Combating Stress, Occupational Hazards, March 1994). Workers who must take time off work because of stress, anxiety, or a related disorder will be off the job for about 20 days. Over 290 billion dollars is spent in the U.S. economy every year relating to compensation claims from on-the-job stress, health insurance, low-productivity, and disability (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010). 

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