Psychologic dependence with sedative-hypnotics

Barbiturates (a class of drugs with more effective sedative-hypnotic effects) replaced bromides in 1903. Depending on the dose, frequency, and duration of use, however, tolerance, physical dependence, and psychological dependence on barbiturates can occur relatively rapidly. With the development of tolerance, the margin of safety between the effective dose and the lethal dose becomes very narrow. That is, in order to obtain the same level of intoxication, the tolerant abuser may raise his or her dose to a level that can produce coma and death. 

Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol), also known as roofies, is a benzodiazepine with physiological effects similar to diazepam (Valium), although it is about 10 times more potent. The drug produces sedative-hypnotic effects that include muscle relaxation and amnesia it can also produce physical and psychological dependence. It is illegal and not approved for use in the United States. 

Benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic widely used in anxiety states, selectivity for panic attacks and phobias possible antidepressant actions. Tox psychologic and physiologic dependence, additive effects with other CNS depressants. 

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