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Provenance studies glass

Elemental chemical analysis provides information regarding the formulation and coloring oxides of glazes and glasses. Energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry is very convenient. However, using this technique the analysis for elements of low atomic numbers is quite difficult, even when vacuum or helium paths are used. The electron-beam microprobe has proven to be an extremely useful tool for this purpose (106). Emission spectroscopy and activation analysis have also been appHed successfully in these studies (101). [Pg.422]

FIGURE 22 Obsidian in the eastern Mediterranean Sea area. Studying the relative concentration of trace elements in obsidian makes it possible to identify the obsidian and to determine its provenance. Determining the relative amounts of barium and zirconium in ancient obsidian tools and in samples from different sources of the natural glass, for example, made it possible to identify the provenance of obsidian used in eastern Mediterranean Sea area sites (Renfrew and Dixon 1976). [Pg.128]

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