Proton pump inhibitors side-effects

Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor and may cause headache, pruritus and dizziness as side-effects. 

Both omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor and paclitaxel, a taxane cytotoxic may cause nausea and vomiting as side-effects. Prednisolone, as with other corticosteroids, does not cause nausea and vomiting. Corticosteroids such as dexamethasone are administered to relieve nausea and vomiting, particularly that associated with chemotherapy. 

Omeprazole is classified as a proton pump inhibitor, as it acts by blocking the hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphate enzyme system of the gastric parietal cells. Omeprazole therefore inhibits gastric acid release. Common side-effects associated with omeprazole include diarrhoea, headache, nausea and vomiting. Concurrent administration of omeprazole and phenytoin results in enhanced effects of phenytoin, which may lead to phenytoin toxicity. 

L C. The most commonly reported side effects for all of the proton pump inhibitors are headache, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Heartburn is improved by these agents. Vomiting, constipation, and paresthesias are not typical side effects of proton pump inhibitors. 

MIRTAZAPINE H2 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS -CIMETIDINE t mirtazapine levels Inhibition of metabolism via CYP1A2, CYP2D6 and CYPA4 Consider alternative acid suppression, e.g. H2 antagonist (proton pump inhibitors will interact in poor CYP2D6 metabolizers) or monitor more closely for side-effects 1 dose as necessary... 

BZDs PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS -OMEPRAZOLE/ ESOMEPRAZOLE T efficacy and adverse effects, e.g. prolonged sedation Inhibition of metabolism via CYP4S0 (some show competitive inhibition via CYP2C19) Monitor for t side-effects, and 1 dose as necessaiy. Likely to delay recovery after procedures for which BZDs have been used. Consider alternative proton pump inhibitor, e.g. lansoprazole or pantoprazole... 

DISULFIRAM PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS -OMEPRAZOLE Possible T adverse effects of disulfiram Accumulation of metabolites Monitor closely for T side-effects, although patients have received combinations without reported problems... 

CT is a 47-year-old man who is about to be started on combination therapy for his H. py/or/-positive ulcer with antibiotics and either a proton pump inhibitor or an H2-receptor antagonist. Although proton pump inhibitors and H2-receptor antagonists are well tolerated, which of the following drug side effect combinations is most likely to occur during therapy ... 

The patient would need to be referred to her doctor for her medication to be reviewed as the indigestion may be the result of gastric irritation as a side-effect of the diclofenac. You could recommend to the doctor that, as the diclofenac appears to be working well, and providing there are no other adverse factors, he could continue to prescribe it together with a proton pump inhibitor to protect against gastric ulceration. 

H. pylori is a major etiological factor in gastroduodenal disorders such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Therefore, the treatment and prevention of these diseases would be facilitated by its eradication. At present, triple therapies that comprise two antibiotics (clarithromycin and amphotericin B) and a proton pump inhibitor are used to eradicate H. pylori. However, strains that are resistant to antibiotics have appeared. In addition, antibiotic treatment is associated with serious side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Therefore, the discovery of novel antibacterial agents that are highly effective and safe is badly needed for the treatment of H. pylori infection. 

Pirenzepine (Fig. 16.17) makes a special antimuscarinic case. It is selective for the Ml receptor compared to its activity against M2 or M3. It is 20 and 4 times less potent at the M3 receptor than at Ml and M2, respectively. As discussed before. Ml is found in secretory glands and M2 is found in the heart. Hus selectivity gives pirenzepine a good activity against gastric acid secretion with no cardiac side effects. However, pirenzepine was superseded by H2-receptor antagonist and proton pump inhibitors (which are discussed in Ch. 17 and Ch. 12, respectively). 

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