Proton component costs

PEM fuel cells operate at relatively low temperatures, around 80°C. Low temperature operation allows them to start quickly (less warm-up time) and results in less wear on system components, resulting in better durability. However, they require that a noble-metal catalyst (typically platinum) be used to separate the hydrogen s electrons and protons, adding to system cost. The platinum catalyst is also extremely sensitive to CO poisoning, making it necessary to employ an additional reactor to reduce CO in the fuel gas if the hydrogen is derived from an alcohol or hydrocarbon fuel. This also adds cost. Developers are currently exploring platinum/ruthenium catalysts that are more resistant to CO. 

The PEM, which is a key component of the PEMFC, has dual functions of (i) conducting the protons and (ii) separating the anode and cathode chambers. The PEM is also critically important with regards to the performance and cost of a PEMFC. In this chapter, attention is focused on the main issues and progress in polymer and hybrid materials for PEMFC applications. 

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