Protocol exchangeability

Petushkov, V. N., Gibson, B. G., Visser, A. J. W. G., and Lee, J. (2000). Purification and ligand exchange protocols for antenna proteins from bioluminescent bacteria. Method. Enzymol. 305 164-180. 

Once an EDSS has acquired information about a complex environmental process, which are the available ways to share that information with other systems If EDSSs are designed to be cooperative, under which conditions does this cooperation occur What happens if cooperation fails Who will assess the quality of the exchanged information Who will harmonize indicators and exchange protocols ... 

It is concluded that zeoHte beta can be simultaneously detemplated and Fe-exchanged without FeO formation by treating the parent zeoHte with a Fenton reagent. The catalyst shows good performance on N2O decomposition. This one-pot process simplifies its preparation protocol and can be extended to other systems. Indeed, our approach was followed by Liu et al. [170], for preparing Fe-S BA-15 for benzylation of benzene with interesting results. 

P 68] No detailed experimental protocol was given [61, 62,142,143]. Two reactant streams, the solution of the reactant in hexane and concentrated sulfuric acid, were fed separately in a specially designed micro reactor by pumping action. There, a bilayer was formed initially, potentially decomposed to a dispersion, and led to rapid mass transfer between the phases. From this point, temperature was controlled by counter-flow heat exchange between the reaction channel and surrounding heat-transfer channel. The reaction was typically carried out at temperatures from 0 to 50 °C and using residence times of only a few seconds. If needed, a delay loop of... 

There are a number of CRMs available for this group of elements in semm and urine (see Table 6.3). The most severe problems with the determination of these trace elements are contamination and loss. Therefore, strict protocols are necessary to prevent these problems. Contamination can be prevented by cleaning thoroughly all used utensils, and the use of highly purified chemicals. Loss is mostly due to exchange between the container walls and can be prevented by working at a pFI<2. 

In most cases, in consultation with the HTS group, the research area laboratory will develop a benchtop assay that is at least compatible with the HTS format of choice for their target. This tends to facilitate project transitions and provides a tool that the research area laboratory will use later to follow up hits and develop SAR. In other cases, the HTS assay development group will assume all responsibility for assay development. The formality of the transfer of the project from the research area to the HTS group varies between organizations, but the outcomes are quite similar. All of the details of the prototype assay are reviewed by both teams, and, where applicable, reagents, protocols, and even plates or pipette tips are exchanged. 

Once you have your SAS data ready for transport, you need to determine a means to deliver it. There are many ways to send data, but you should strive for process simplicity and data security. To keep your data secure and to comply with 21 CFR-Part 11, you need to encrypt your data files for transport. The best encryption you can use is key exchange high-bit encryption software such as PGP, which creates essentially unbreakable files when used properly. Once your data files are encrypted, you can either send them on physical media such as CD-ROM or send them electronically with secure transmission software such as Secure File Transport Protocol (SFTP). If you need to send data to someone once, a CD-ROM is simple enough to produce. However, if you need to send the data repeatedly, then you should use a more automated electronic method of data exchange. Shell scripts and batch files can be written to automate the electronic data transfer process. 

The protocol involving NaOAc-HOAc at pH 5 was first proposed and used by Jackson (1958) to remove carbonates from calcareous soils to analyze soil cation exchange characteristics (Grossman and Millet, 1961). Other researchers used HOAc for the extraction of metals from sediments and soils (Nissenbaum, 1972 Mclaren and Crawford, 1973). Tessier et al. (1979) first used the NaOAc-HOAc solution at pH 5 to dissolve the carbonate fraction from sediments. Since then, the NaOAc-HOAc buffer has been widely used as a specific extractant for the carbonate phase in various media (Tessier et al., 1979 Hickey and Kittrick, 1984 Rapin et al., 1986 Mahan et al., 1987 Han et al., 1992 Clevenger, 1990 Banin et al., 1990). Despite its widespread use, this step is not free from difficulties, and further optimization is required in its application. Questions arise with regard to this step in the elemental extraction from noncalcareous soils, the dissolution capacity and dissolution rates imposed by the buffer at various pHs, and the possibility that different carbonate minerals may require different extraction protocols (Grossman and Millet, 1961 Tessier et al., 1979). 

Poly(HA) depolymerases - as far as it has been tested - do not bind to anion exchangers such as DEAE (at neutral pH) but have a pronounced affinity to hydrophobic materials. Therefore, many purification protocols include hydrophobic interaction chromatography. 

Prepare an amine-modified oligonucleotide according to any of the protocols discussed in Section 2.1 (this chapter). Dissolve or buffer-exchange the oligo into 0.1M sodium borate, 2mM EDTA, pH 8.25, at a concentration of 9 nmol (2.0 A2gonm units) in 15 pi. 

---