Protein binding, biomaterial surface

Recent studies have attempted to further elucidate mechanisms of protein adsorption on biomaterial surfaces. For example, Ellingsen (1991) reported that adsorption of calcium on titanium surfaces subsequently enhanced binding of select proteins. In contrast, adsorption of other ions (such as... 

Biomaterial Surface Construction for Optimal Protein Binding. 187... 

Early attempts to functionalize biomaterial surfaces with biological molecules were focused on improving blood compatibility of cardiovascular devices, such as the artificial heart and synthetic blood vessels, by immobilizing heparin or albumin on polyurethane or Dacron . To enhance cell adhesion to biomaterial surfaces, entire extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, such as fibronectin and laminin, have been used directly as coatings. However, because of the nonspecific manner of whole protein adsorption, most of the cell binding capability is often lost. Using a molecular templating technique, it may be possible to select which protein(s) to absorb on biomaterial surfaces. ... 

Greene, G., Radhakrishna, H. and Tannenbaum, R. 2005. Protein binding properties of surface-modified porous polyethylene membranes. Biomaterials 26 5972-5982. 

Bieniarz, C., Russian, M., and Tarcha. P. J., Do proteins bind covalently to polypyrrole latex Evidence for the addition of nucleophiles, in Surfaces in Biomaterials, Phoenix, 1996. 

The surface properties of the biomaterials will determine the type, amount and conformation of the adsorbed proteins [2]. The composition of this protein layer can be different, depending on the fluid composition and adsorption time [25], Besides the composition of the protein layer, the conformation and the orientation of the protein can also change with time [8]. This conditioning protein layer will increase the cell adhesiveness, since the cells have receptors in their membranes that specifically bind to the adhesion proteins. Moreover, the protein layer also increases the cell spreading at the biomaterial surface [6,10]. 

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