Protein-based materials biosensor applications

There are also RMs which are prepared for a specific application and are used for validation of relevant methods. Cobbaert et al. (1999) made use of Ion Selective Electrode (ISE)-protein-based materials when evaluating a procedure which used an electrode with an enzyme-linked biosensor to determine glucose and lactate in blood. Chance et al. (1999) are involved with the diagnosis of inherited disorders in newborn children and they prepared a series of reference materials consisting of blood spotted onto filter paper and dried, from which amino-acids can be eluted and... 

Willner and coworkers have extended this approach to electron relay systems where core-based materials facilitate the electron transfer from redox enzymes in the bulk solution to the electrode.56 Enzymes usually lack direct electrical communication with electrodes due to the fact that the active centers of enzymes are surrounded by a thick insulating protein shell that blocks electron transfer. Metallic NPs act as electron mediators or wires that enhance electrical communication between enzyme and electrode due to their inherent conductive properties.47 Bridging redox enzymes with electrodes by electron relay systems provides enzyme electrode hybrid systems that have bioelectronic applications, such as biosensors and biofuel cell elements.57... 

---