Proportional constant

Empirical proportionally constant for cy clone pressure drop or friction loss, dimensionless Constant for stationary vane separators, based on design... 

Kll, K12, K21, K22 = process "gains", the proportional constants between a process input (the fraction of total of power going to the heaters in this extruder) and the steady state temperature of a node,... 

The basic theory of mass transfer to a RHSE is similar to that of a RDE. In laminar flow, the limiting current densities on both electrodes are proportional to the square-root of rotational speed they differ only in the numerical values of a proportional constant in the mass transfer equations. Thus, the methods of application of a RHSE for electrochemical studies are identical to those of the RDE. The basic procedure involves a potential sweep measurement to determine a series of current density vs. electrode potential curves at various rotational speeds. The portion of the curves in the limiting current regime where the current is independent of the potential, may be used to determine the diffusivity or concentration of a diffusing ion in the electrolyte. The current-potential curves below the limiting current potentials are used for evaluating kinetic information of the electrode reaction. 

The presented variants of Eq. (8.17) may need some explanation. In the second line ld is introduced as the proportional constant. It is closely related to the relative standard deviation24 of the distances between the netplanes. The exact relation is established, as soon as a model is introduced. The third line is a result of Eq. (8.12). The last line follows in the limit of a continuous set of peaks - an idea that is advantageously applied in several advanced methods for the analysis of highly oriented materials (cf. Chap. 9). 

A limited number of empirical correlations have been developed for metal droplet sizes generated by water atomization, as listed in Table 4.18. In these correlations p is a system-specific constant, is the atomizing angle, i.e., angle between water nozzle axis and metal delivery nozzle axis, A is a proportional constant specific to atomizer type, melt type and melt temperature, n is a parameter depending on atomizer type, APw is the water pressure, Uw is the water velocity, and mw is the mass flow rate of water. 

The proportional constant, c, includes the conversion relation of the A/D converter and the factor kTclq of Eq. (5.3). Since the measurement chamber is temperature-stabilized, the chip temperature, Tc, is constant. is the resistance of the sensitive layer in synthetic air, and R is the resistance upon analyte exposure. Equation (5.7) relates AS to the ratio fig" /R, which is commonly plotted as sensor signal for reducing gases. 

The proportional constant/in Equation 6.11 is called the friction factor. When the two forces equal each other, the ion moves with a constant migration velocity, which is expressed by the following equation ... 

The pharmacokinetic term clearance (CT) best describes the efficiency of the elimination process. Clearance by an elimination organ (e.g., liver, kidney) is defined as the volume of blood, serum, or plasma that is totally cleared of drug per unit time. This term is additive the total body or systemic clearance of a drug is equal to the sum of the clearances by individual eliminating organs. Usually this is represented as the sum of renal and hepatic clearances CT = CT renal -I- CL hepatic. Clearance is constant and independent of serum concentration for drugs that are eliminated by first-order processes, and therefore may be considered proportionally constant between the rate of drug elimination and serum concentration. 

Anseth et al. [146,147] have experimentally characterized the kinetic constant for a series of multifunctional methacrylate and acrylate monomers. In particular, they explored the kinetic evidence for the importance of reaction diffusion for polymerizations occurring in the high crosslinking regime. When reaction diffusion is the controlling termination mechanism, it was hypothesized that k, would be proportional to fcp[m] where [m] is the concentration of double bonds. The works of Anseth et al. [146] then characterized the proportional constant between k, and kp[m for the methacrylates and acrylates studied. 

The parameter k is a proportional constant between Ex and the standard deviation. The percent proportional error may be defined within several probability ranges. Standard error refers to a confidence level of 68.3% that is, there is a 68.3% chance that a single measurement will not exceed the °/oEx. For standard error, k = 0.6745. Ninety-five hundredths error means there is a 95% chance that a single measurement will not exceed the °/oEx. The constant k then becomes 1.45. 

Ideal Gas Law. The volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute (emperaiure and inversely proportional to its absolute pressure. The proportional constant is found to he the same for one mole of any idea) gas, so this law may be expressed as ... 

The terms on the left are the electric force and the restoring force that is linear in the displacement. A damping term with a proportionally constant r is added to the right hand side to account for dissipation of energy during the polarization response. The solution to this equation leads to an expression for the displacement, r, as... 

H20 = p 6M , where RD is the rate at which dead organic matter decomposes Rwo is precipitation over the ocean R is the production of phytoplankton and other living organisms in the ocean M is the rate at which living biomasses die off and pi (i = 8-16) are proportion constants. 

Rate Constant It is the proportionally constant used in the rate equation for the reaction. It is also called... 

Specific growth rate—Proportional constant in the rate of change of the concentration of organisms with respect to time modeled as a first order... 

The effect of induced dipoles in the medium adds an extra term to the molecular Hamilton operator. = -r R (16.49) where r is the dipole moment operator (i.e. the position vector). R is proportional to the molecular dipole moment, with the proportional constant depending on the radius of the originally implemented for semi-empirical methods, but has recently also been used in connection with ab initio methods." Two other widely available method, the AMl-SMx and PM3-SMX models have atomic parameters for fitting the cavity/dispersion energy (eq. (16.43)), and are specifically parameterized in connection with AMI and PM3 (Section 3.10.2). The generalized Bom model has also been used in connection with force field methods in the Generalized Bom/Surface Area (GB/SA) model. In this case the Coulomb interactions between the partial charges (eq. (2.19)) are combined... 

Proportionally constant between velocity of a particle and the force applied to it... 

Dalton, John (1766-1844). The first great chemical theorist proposed atomic theory (1807) stated law of partial pressure of gases. His ideas led to laws of multiple proportions, constant composition, and conservation of mass. 

The proportional constant is called the ion mobility and is usually computed in units of cm s. is defined by a relation borrowed from capillary electrophoresis. 

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