Product Formulation Expert System PFES

Reference to the use of expert systems in pharmaceutical product formulation first appeared on 27 April 1989 in the London Financial Times (Bradshaw 1989). This article was closely followed by one in the same year by Walko (1989). Both these authors were describing the work being undertaken by ICI (now Zeneca) Pharmaceuticals and Logica UK Ltd. to develop an expert system for formulating pharmaceuticals using PFES. Since these first publications, many companies and academic institutions have published on work being conducted in this area, as shown in Table 8.3. 

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