Processing of Metals and Alloys

Despite the relatively recent development of polymers and composites as structural materials, metals continue to be the dominant group of engineering materials for many 

An Introduction to Materials Engineering and Science For Chemical and Materials Engineers, by Brian S. Mitchell 

The power imparted to the workpiece or melt, P, is a fnnction of the magnetic snsceptibility of the metal, x. and the freqnency of the applied field, 

Obviously, the melt or workpiece must be larger in diameter than the penetration depth. The induction process, too, is often carried ont nnder vacunm or inert gas atmosphere. 

The advantage of induction melting is the ability to melt cleanly and quickly. It is applicable to virtually any metal or alloy, even if they are not inductively suscepting, since it is possible to use the crucible as a susceptor as well. Furthermore, once the metal is molten, the induction lines from the secondary currents stir the melted charge and improve melt homogeneity. 

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C. Suryanarayana, Materials Science and Technology (VCH-Verlag Weinheim) 15 (Processing of Metals and Alloys) 57-110 (1991). 

Koch C.C., Mechanical milling and alloying, in Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 15, Processing of Metals and Alloys, ed. by R.W. Cahn (VCH, Weinheim 1991) pp. 193-244 Schultz, L. Formation of Amorphous Metals by Solid-State Reactions. Phil. Mag. B 61, 453 (1990) Shingu P.H. (ed.) Proc. Int l Symp. on Mechanical Alloying, Kyoto (1991) Mater. Sci. Forum 88-90 (1992)... 

The main intermediate in the deposition or dissolution process of metals and alloys is the ad-atom, a metal ion adsorbed on the surface of the metallic phase. The ad-atom can be partially discharged and the solvation shell or the shell of complex molecules is different from the metal ion in the electrolyte. The adsorption equiUbrium is described by the equation... 

Some alloys may be more easily obtained by electrodeposition than by metallurgical processes. This is particularly tme for alloys composed of metals having large differences in melting temperatures or metals that cannot be mixed in a liquid state. Such metals can very often be codeposited from the solutions (e.g., alloys Ag-Ni, Ag-Co, and Cd-Co). Taking into account that some metals cannot be electrodeposited from the aqueous solutions (Ti, V, W, Nb, Zr, etc.), they could be electrodeposited from the melts of their salts. In recent times, the processes of metal and alloy electrodeposition from the room-temperature molten salts were also investigated and developed (cf. electrodeposition of Al-Cu, Al-Co, Al-Ni alloys from AlCls-MeEtlmCl melt). 

Processing of Metals and Alloys Volume Editor R. W. Cahn... 

Processing of metals and alloys rapid solidification, C. Suryanarayana. In Material Science and Technology, a Comprehensive Treatment, 1991,15, 57-110, ed. R. W. Cahn, P. Haasen and E. J. Kramer. Weinheim VCH. 

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