Problem sets for level

It should be noted that the optimization problems solved for levels 2 and 3 begin to merge as the plantwide optimization begins to set targets for the unit operations in many process units. This large-scale, frequent optimization of operating conditions is known as real-time optimization (RTO). RTOs are run approximately every 30 minutes to 1 hour, with the resulting optimal setpoints downloaded to model predictive controllers (MPC). 

This book, for the most part, is a stand-alone text. It addresses not only the fundamentals of PSA as a science, but insights on the regulatory framework affecting its development and apidication. In particular, it provides the basic methods of analysis that can be employed, available databases, an excellent set of examples, software resources, chapter summaries that tacilitate comprehension, and problem sets that are very well connected to the theory. While much has been written about probabilistic safety assessment over the last three decades, this is the most comprehensive attempt so far to provide a much needed college level textbook for the education of risk and safety professionals. It also provides a valuable reference for any individual curious enough about the risk and safety sciences to want to become much more informed. 

A summary of the topics covered in the course is given in Table I. The prerequisite for the course is Calculus II. Given the number of topics covered in the course, we cannot present each topic in the mathematically rigorous way that our colleagues in the Math Department would prefer. However, our goal is not to train future mathematicians but rather to provide chemistry students with a level of familiarity with mathematical concepts that are useful in chemical applications. The chemical applications are emphasized in the examples used to present the math and in the problem sets, almost all of which highlight the uses of these mathematical concepts in chemistry. 

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