Probenecid Rifampicin

Other compounds producing some inhibition of ZDV conjugation were oxazepam, salicylic acid, and acetylsalicyclic acid. More recently, Trapnell et al. examined the inhibition of ZDV at a more relevant concentration of 20 pM in bovine serum albumin (BSA)-activated microsomes by atovaquone, methadone, fluconazole, and valproic acid at therapeutically relevant concentrations (127). Both fluconazole and valproic acid inhibited ZDV glucuronidation by more than 50% at therapeutic concentrations. Clinical interaction studies have been conducted with methadone, fluconazole, naproxen, probenecid, rifampicin, and valproic acid (see Table 10). 

Displacement of bilirubin from its albmnin bond. Various endogenous substances (e. g. long-chain fatty acids and bile acids) or exogenous compounds (e. g. medication, such as ampicillin, ajma-line, quinidine, furosemide, indomethadn, probenecid, rifampicin, sulphonamide etc., and X-ray contrast media) can compete with bilirubin, not only with respect to its specific binding site, but also for its carrier protein. 

Drugs include phenytoin, gold, penicillins, hydralazine, isoniazid, rifampicin, penicillamine, probenecid, sulphonamides. 

Probenecid can increase the serum concentration of rifampicin this can reduce costs and hepatotoxicity in long-term therapy (124). Interactions of rifampicin with probenecid have been reviewed (105). 

Probenecid increased rifampicin levels in one study, but not in another. 

Morphological analysis revealed that hiPSC-derived HPTC-like d 8 cells formed simple epithelia with tight junctions, and also dome formation was observed. The cells displayed a polarized phenotype with an apical brush border and generated tubules in vitro. Functional studies revealed characteristic cellular responses to the nephrotoxicants citrinin and rifampicin, which could be specifically inhibited with probenecid or dmetidine (Kandasamy et al., 2015). These compounds inhibit the uptake transporters for citrinin (OATl and OAT3) and rifampicin (OCT2). Together, these... 

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