PRO-EXPLORE

Tel. 703-658-4854, fax 703-658-4887, e-mail syazdi presto.ig.com Desktop molecular modeling. NEMESIS SAMPLER for simple modeling. PRO-EXPLORE for sequence analysis and biomolecular modeling. PRO-SIMULATE for molecular simulations with GROMOS, AMBER, and BOSS via a graphical interface. PRO-QUANTUM for semiempirical (MOPAC, extended Hiickel) and ab initio (CADPAC) calculations via a graphical interface. FDCALC and ESCALC for electrostatics calculations. N-DEE for analysis of NMR data. PC-PROT-I- (sequence analysis), PC-TAMMO-I- (protein—lipid modeling), and MASCA (statistics). Macintosh, PCs, and UNIX workstations. 

In general, this explorative study cortfirmed the ttsefulness of historical approaches to enhance students discussiorts and reflectiorts about their own ideas. The pairs often came into a dialogue about srritable and rmsrritable theories and tried to find arguments pro or agairrst the one or the other. Typical preconceptions like the brick-like arrangement of atoms were not fotmd. 

The viabiUty of using site-isolated Ta(V) centers for cyclohexene epoxi-dation was explored by grafting ( PrO)2Ta[OSi(O Bu)3]3 onto a mesoporous silica material [83]. After calcinations, the material formed is less active and selective in the oxidation of cyclohexene than the surface-supported Ti(IV) catalysts using organic peroxides however, the site-isolated Ta(V) catalysts are more active under aqueous conditions. 

Pro-chiral pyridine A-oxides have also been used as substrates in asymmetric processes. Jprgensen and co-workers explored the catalytic asymmetric Mukaiyama aldol reaction between ketene silyl acetals 61 and pyridine A-oxide carboxaldehydes 62 <06CEJ3472>. The process is catalyzed by a copper(II)-bis(oxazoline) complex 63 which gave good yields and diastereoselectivities with up to 99% enantiomeric excess. 

Thus for the first volume in this series we have performed a selection of oxidation and reduction reactions, arguably some of the most important transformations of these two types, mainly employing non-natural catalysts. In other volumes of this work other catalysts for oxidation and reduction will be featured and, of equal importance, the use of preferred catalysts for carbon-carbon bond formation will be described. In the first phase, therefore, this series will seek to explore the pros and cons of using many, if not most, well-documented catalysts and we will endeavour to report our findings in a nonpartisan manner. 

Mineral fillers can produce both pro-degradant and stabilising effects in thermoplastic polymers. The reasons for this are varied and complex with factors such as adsorption of stabilisers and the presence of detrimental trace impurities such as certain metals playing a part. Until recently this was a little explored area,but several useful reviews have recently appeared [31,32]. 

Explore The Chime Pro plug-in has the unique ability to create... 

Explore the effects of H2-O2 stoichiometry. What potential pros and cons may be associated with either leaner or richer mixtures ... 

In me previous chapter we discussed acid-base reactions, which are chemical reactions involving the transfer of pro Lons from one reactant to another. In this chapter, we explored oxidation-reduction reactions, which involve the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another. Oxidation-reduction reactions have many applications, such as in photography, batteries, fuel cells, the manufacture and corrosion of metals, and the combustion of non-metallic materials such as wood. 

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