Priority Elements

A simple way to define these is to select one of the priority elements you have identified and brainstorm all of the tasks required to address it, as shown in Figure 5-3. 

FIGURE 5-3. Sample Work Breakdown Structure Priority Elements and Tasks... 

As part of developing the PSM implementation plan (Chapter 5), you and the team identified benefits unique to the approach you selected, using them to help win management s approval. For example, your plan may focus on priority elements because the assessment you conducted suggests that this method will yield the greatest overall improvement in safety performance. And, as part of the pilot test described in this chapter, you focused on facility-specific benefits to enlist the support of local management and staff. 

As the sampling sites with high responses of the test-battery are of most interest, the maximal elements are taken as priority elements, i.e. the equivalence classes 27, 33, 46, 47, 31, 95, 32, 9, 18. From this we conclude that a) the sites 27, 33, 46, 47, 31, 95, 32, 9, 18 are of specific importance, and b) the set of sites 27, 33, 46, 47 has the same profile of scores, thus, they may be remedied by the same methods, whereas the attribute profiles differ among all other priority objects. 

D°up and Dlf give a measure of the normalised rank uncertainty, above and below respectively. Note that if u is a priority element (maximal) C(s,u) is not defined, as no element exists above u, thus Dsuup is not defined and only I) "1 can be evaluated. Analogously, if u is a minimal element C(u,t) is not defined, as no element exists below u, thus D f is... 

To incorporate principles of metal speciation into established emission standards and quality criteria particularly for high-priority elements, in order to provide more realistic numeric values... 

The tasks that need to be assessed to be assured of competence, e.g., higher priority elements should be part of the competence assessment and assurance, and... 

Recorders qualifies for flight control objective, making it a priority element having an impact on raising the level of flight safety and prevention of air accidents. They are used, among others, to control the remote piloting techniques. 

Copper is an attractive metallisation element because of its high conductivity. It has been added to Al in low concentrations (AlSi(l%)—Cu(0.5%)) to improve conductive priorities. Selective, low temperature copper CVD processing, using copper(I) P-diketonate compounds, has been carried out (23). 

Identifies the essential elements that should be present in the plans based on regulatory requirements and local community priorities. 

Due to the direct contact of water with various species, the aqueous streams are laden with various compounds including methanol, non-process elements NPEs, and organic and inorganic species. In this problem, we focus on methanol as the pimary species in water. Methanol is classified as a high priority pollutant for the pulping industry. In addition, it may provide a source of revenue if properly recovered. 

Criteria such as those suggested above can be usefully applied to the implementation strategy you have selected. In assessing your current PSM status, you will have gained considerable insight into which facilities warrant priority attention similarly, the assessment process sheds light on those PSM elements whose improvement will yield the most productive results. 

Whether you have chosen a facility-specific, a companywide, or a h) rid approach, it may be helpful to consider your priorities in terms of both facilities and PSM elements. The goal here is to help determine what needs doing, in what order, and with what level of effort. 

To establish priorities among the elements of the PSM program, you will need to consider two factors the level of noncompliance and interrelationships with other elements. 

In addition to considering those elements that interrelate, you should pay particular attention to those that affect your operations most directly. For example, if your company has a major expansion program underway, you would assign the capital project review and design procedures element a higher priority than if your company has deferred all major capital projects. 

As you near completion of each PSM element s modification or redesign, it s useful to check results against the criteria you established as part of developing your plan. You may find it helpful to review the plan at intervals, and to revisit Section 3.2, which discusses PSM criteria. Similarly, you will want to assure that the modifications you devise address the priorities you identified as part of the planning process (see Section 5.3). 

Focus. The Manwood pilot emphasizes PSM s Management of Change element for two reasons 1) this element is fairly complex, which means the pilot will properly exercise the new system, and 2) the facility manager had identified MOC as a priority for review and improvement. 

While you may wish to defer a firm decision about where, specifically, to start rolling out the system until the pilot test is completed, it s wise to consider a number of options as part of the planning process. The priorities you identified in Chapter 5 (both facilities and elements) provide useful guidance similarly, the implementation strategy you have adopted (companywide, facility-specific, or hybrid) will affect these decisions. 

As is true in PSM implementation in the United States, it is not practical to try to do everything at once you must establish priorities for PSM design, development, and installation. The priorities that were appropriate in your U.S. effort may not apply directly to international locations. For example, in some international locations, plants are required to submit risk analyses to the government before undertaking major capital projects. This existing practice may make the capital project review element of PSM a less uigent priority. 

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